Luận án Education and training in the development of high-Quality human resources in vietnam at present

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LUONG CONG LY EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCES IN VIETNAM AT PRESENT Specialism : CNDVBC & CNDVLS Code : 62 22 80 05 PHD THESIS IN PHILOSOPHY Academic Supervisor: Assoc. Prof., Dr. VU HONG SON HA NOI - 2014 GUARANTEES I swear that this is the scientific research of my own. The data and materials used in the thesis are honest, origin and provenance clear. The scientific results of the thesis have not been published in any public works. Thesis’ author Lương Công Lý TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF THEME’S RESEARCH-RELATED 6 1.1. The researches related to human resource and role of human resource education and training. 6 1.2. The researches related to real situation of high quality human resource. 12 1.3. The researches related to orientations and solutions to promote the role of education and training for developing high quality human resources. 17 Chapter 2: HIGH QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCE AND ROLE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOR DEVELOPING HIGH QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCES IN VIETNAM AT PRESENT. 24 2.1. High qualiy human resource and important role of developing high quality human resources in Vietnam at present. . 24 2.2. The concept, role, impact factors and education – training requirements with developing high quality human resource in Vietnam today 45 Chapter 3: EDUCATION – TRAINING AND DEVELOPING HIGH QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCE IN VIETNAM AT PRESENT, REAL SITUATION AND OUTSTANDING MATTERS. 63 3.1. Real situation of education - training execution in developing high quality human resource in Vietnam today. 63 3.2. Some conflicts need to be solved in order to improve roles of education – training in develoing high quality human resource in Vietnam today. . 94 Chapter 4: DIRECTIONS AND SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING ROLES OF EDUCATION –TRAINING IN DEVELOPING HIGH QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCE IN VIETNAM TODAY. 104 4.1. Directions for improving roles of education – training in developing high quality human resource in Vietnam today. 104 4.2. Major solutions for improving role of education – training in developing high quality human resource in Vietnam today. 109 CONCLUSION 149 LIST OF AUTHOR’S SCIENCE WORKS 151 REFERENCES 152 APPENDIX 1INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of the research In Vietnam and in the world as well, it has long been thought that the success or failure, existence or death, and decadence or prosperity of a nation deeply depends on the nation’s human resources. In the context of rapid development of advanced scientific and technological revolution, knowledge economy and globalisation, countries are paying more attention to the development of high-quality human resources. Human resources have become a competitive advantage of numerous countries world-wide. Thus, countries are increasingly attaching greater importance to bringing into full play the role of education and training to develop and enhance the quality of human resources, taking full advantages of internal forces in the situation of fiercer competition among countries all over the world under the framework of the present globalisation. After more than twenty five years of adopting renovation policies in the socialist orientation that the Party initiated and led, Vietnam’s revolution has obtained considerable achievements of historical significance. The country has overcome socio-economic crisis and entered a new development era: accelerating national industrialisation and modernisation, and taking steady steps towards the socialist path. These achievements have set forth fundamental conditions for as well as requires the development of human resources, especially the high-quality human resources to facilitate the country in the new era of development. In the national renovation process, the high-quality human resources has made a rapid growth, making essential contributions to the national achievements of historical significance in all fields of social life. Education and training has played an overriding important and decisive role to the development of the country’s human resources. Resolution of the 2nd plenary session of the 8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam states that: “Developing education and training is the national top policy”, aiming to train a human resources that meets rising requirements. The 11th 2Party Congress also specified a strategic breakthrough: “Rapidly developing the human resources, particularly high-quality human resources, concentrating on the fundamental and comprehensive renewal of the national education; incorporating the development of human resources with the development and application of science and technology” [49, 106]. In the past year, our education sector in general and higher institutions have produced a strong contingent of engineers, BSc, MA, and doctors in the fields of economy, politics, education and training, culture, and social affairs…satisfying requirements for high-quality human resources to hasten the national industralisation and modernisation. Nevertheless, Vietnam’s education and training sector still witnesses shortcomings. Content, curricula, teaching method, management forces, mechanism, policy as well as environment, conditions, and equipment and facilities for the cause of education and training to foster a high-quality human resources remain limited, failing to meet the real demands. The quality of education and training, especially at higher level which is directly involved in the education and training of the high-quality human resources, is generally low. The qualification and professionalism of graduates remains limited, their adaptability to the reality is still weak; our human resources remains few in quantity and limited in quality whereas mechanism is inadequate. These demonstrate shortcomings and limitations of our education and training sector which fails to manifest its role in developing the nation’s high-quality human resources. The development of high-quality human resources depends on a number of factors, in which the role of education and training is of overriding importance. Hence, it is a pressing issue for the nation’s education and training sector in general and higher education institutions in particular to produce a high-quality human resources to satisfy the demands for speeding up the nation’s industrialisation, modernisation and international integration in the new era, contributing to realising the target to basically turn Vietnam into a modernity-oriented industrial country by 2020, and to successfully 3build up a society of wealthy people, prosperous nation, democracy, justice, and civilisation as our Party has stated. These issues are increasingly pressing to our nation on those days, in terms of both theoretical and practical perspectives and demanding for a thorough study. With that in mind, the author has selected the subject “Education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present” as the specialism of this thesis. 2. Purpose, task of the research 2.1. Research purpose The thesis clarifies fundamental theoretical matters and the real situation of the education and training to the development of high-quality human resources; recommends a number of directions and solutions to bring into full play the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. 2.2. Research task - Clarifying theoretical ground related to the development of high-quality human resources and the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. - Clarifying the real situation of the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. - Proposing a number of essential directions and solutions to bring into full play the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. 3. Subject and scope of the research 3.1. Research subject The thesis concentrates on studying and clarifying the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. 3.2. Research scope - The thesis does not study the whole matters of the development of high-quality human resources as well as those of the education and training 4sector, but studies the role of education and training in the development of human resources in our country; concentrating the study in higher institutions in Vietnam at present. - Studying the realities of the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in certain higher institutions in Vietnam at present. - In term of time scope, the thesis studies the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam from 1986 to present. 4. Research methods The study is based on theoretical foundation of the Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh Thoughts, standpoints, paths of the Party and policies of the State of Vietnam on the development strategies of education and training, and the development of human resources, and high-quality human resources in Vietnam. The study applies the methodology of the Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh Thoughts; incorporates theory and practice, properly employs analysis and synthesis methods; logic and history, sociological study, and practical recapitulation are major methods applied in the study of this thesis. 5. New findings of the research - The thesis explains more clearly the role of education and training in the development of human resources in Vietnam at present. - Based on achievements, shortcomings and matters arise from the reality, the thesis proposes a number of fundamental directions and solutions to bring into full play the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. 6. Theoretical and practical significance of the research 6.1. Theoretical significance The thesis explains more obviously theory of human resources, high-quality human resources and the role of education and training in the development of high-quality human resources in Vietnam at present. The thesis provides scientific grounds to the implementation of directions and solutions to bring into full play the role of education and training in the development of high-quality 5human resources in Vietnam at present. 6.2. Practical significance - The new findings of the thesis can be used as reference to planning and implementing policies to develop the role of education and training in higher institutions in Vietnam at present. - The thesis can be a useful reference for lecturers, education managers and pupils, and students in higher institutions in Vietnam at present. 7. Conclusion The thesis consists of introduction, four chapters, nine sections, conclusion, list of reference and appendixes. Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON THE SAME SUBJECT OF THE THESIS 1.1. STUDIES ON HUMAN RESOURCES AND THE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF HUMAN RESOURCES In the context of rapid development of advanced scientific and technological revolution, knowledge economy and globalisation, countries are paying more attention to the development of high-quality human resources. The issue of high-quality human resources and the education and training of human resources has been a great concern of numerous scientists and researchers in countries world-over in different fields of science. A number of typical works related to the issue in China such as: - Studies in China are related to the thesis consists of: Liang You Jia (2006), Book Talent management, Publishing House of Zhong Shan University, Quang Dong, China concentrates on analysing some fundamental issues such as concept of talents, talent management, basic characters of talent resources, factors impacting talent, value system of talent resources, driving force system of talent resources, the arrangement and usage 6of talents, talent management institution and legislation. This is a fundamental book of theory on talent resources and talent resources management of China. Shen Rong Hua and Wu Guo Miao (2008), Book A Respect for Intelligentsia and Talented People – A Hundred-Year Master Plan for the Restoration and Development of the Country, National Political Publishing House, Ha Noi, systematically covers thoughts of Deng Xiao Ping on intelligentsia, talented people, respect for and the development of talented people, education and training to develop high-quality human resources in the reform period. The book asserts that China always considers the education and training of high-quality human resources, the talented people work as matters of special significance and as a hundred-year master plan for the restoration and development of the country. A range of theoretical and practical issues in Deng Xiao Ping thoughts on education and training to develop high-quality human resources and talented people of the country has been interpreted, being foundations for the Communist Party of Chinese to carry out paths, and policies on cadres, developing high-quality human resources in the period of socialist construction with Chinese characteristics. Wang Hui Yao (2010) Book National Strategy - Talents Change the World, China’s People Press, highlights China’s strategy for the development of high-quality human resources (talents), analyses basic issues of talents, assesses the situation of Chinese talents at present; proposes guidelines, policies, contents, especially the education and training to develop high- quality human resources for the country in the new development period đề xuất những chủ trương, nội dung, chính sách, đặc biệt là giáo dục và đào tạo phát triển nguồn nhân lực chất lượng cao cho đất nước trong thời kỳ phát triển mới. Liu Xiao Ping (2011), Book The Theories and Practices of Human Resources Assessment, Sun Yat-sen University Press, contends that under the context of knowledge economy, human resources play an extremely important 7role: arousing and developing human resources and high-quality human resources are of extreme significance. Thus, to exploit and bring into full play human resources nations should develop appropriate assessment theories and methods; and puts forward some theoretical issues and methods of human resources assessment. Wang Chong (2012), Book The Quality of Economic Growth in Western China in Association with the Usage of Rural Human Resources, China’s People Press, illustrates the economic growth in China’s western region at present, points out factors of the growth quality, in which the author concentrates on analysing the human resources factor; and indicates some issues related to the usage and bringing into full play rural human resources, particularly the education and training of human resources to ensure and enhance the quality of economic growth in western China in the new situation. Ren Zhong Ping (2004), Journal Article The Sublimation of the Reality of Comprehensive Construction of Wealthy Society - Discussing about Development Viewpoint, Achievement Viewpoint, Populace Viewpoint, Nhân dân Nhật báo, Beijing, issue 12, January 2004, contends important improvements in the work of talents, China’s human resources development in the reform period, criticising the achievement hunting, and manifestations of disregarding the populace in the work of talents; recommends certain requirements on the work of talents in the new era. - Some monographs are related to the thesis from other countries: In Japan, Okuhira Yasuhiro (1994), Book Japan’s Politics and Economy, National Political Publishing House, Ha Noi, obviously indicates basic issues of talent; personnel policies, talent development; analyses experience in the assessment and rotation of cadres, bringing into full play Japanese talents on Japan’s social characters; asserts efforts to conserve and bring into full play national traditions; presents the implementation of training 8and employee management regime in public authorities, paying attention to building virtues, especially loyalty virtue of employees and ensuring suitable policies and payment regulations to make employees keep their mind on their work. In South Korea, Kim, Jang-ho (2005), Book New Paradigm of Human Resources Development: Government Initiatives for Economic Growth and Social Integration in Korea, KRIVET, Seoul, 135949, Korea. The monograph indicates socio-economic challenges in high-quality human resources development in Korea; asserts the important role of high-quality human resources; competitiveness of the nation’s human resources; proposes development directions; especially introduces and analyses issues of vocational education and training, incorporating training with research development, and issues on building a learning society in Korea. In Singapore, the book Li Guangyao 40 Nian Zheng Lun Xuan (Lee Kuan Yew’s Political Writings of 40 Years) (1994), National Political Publishing House, Ha Noi, demonstrates Lee Kuan Yew’s thought of treasuring talented people, the role of education and training in the development of human resources and training talents; emphasises that “the regime Singapore applies is the one to treasure talents", considering the know-how to train and employ talented people as the key to success of Singapore in developing high-level human resources and developing talents. In Lao, PhD thesis on Party construction Training, Fostering a Leading Contingent Managing the Party and State Economic Performance in Lao at Present, National Political Academy, Ha Noi by Sinkham Phommaxay (2003). The author presents viewpoints, characteristics of economic management leadership; analyses fundamental issues of policies related to training and cultivating leading staff, and talented people; proposes solutions to improve the quality and efficiency of training and cultivating leaders managing Lao’s economy in the new circumstance. 9Viewpoints, concepts, characteristics, role of human resources, high- quality human resources, talent, intellectuals, the importance of education and training as well as issues related to the talent usage, development of high- quality human resources, are comprehensively studied by the works mentioned above. This is an important foundation for the author to acquire, inherit, and continue studying and specifying in the author’s thesis. - In Vietnam, there have been many studies so far on high-quality human resources and the role of education and training of human resources, noticeably: Pham Minh Hac (Lead author – 1996), Study The Issue of Human Beings in the Cause of National Industrialisation and Modernisation. The work analyses theoretical and practical foundations for performing human strategy, considering human factor, human development, human resources to be of decisive significance to material and spiritual creation; presents the relation between education and training, between the usage and creation of occupation with the development of national human resources; from which defines management responsibility of education and training towards the development of human resources for industrialisation and modernisation. Luong Viet Hai (Lead author - 2003), Research Impacts of Scientific, Technical and Technological Advance on the Research and Development of Human Beings and Human Resources in Early 21st Century, State-level research project KX-05 Research on Culture, Human Beings, Human Resources in Early 21st Century November, 2003. The project carries out a synthetic and comprehensive stud