Luận án Application of ho chi minh ideology on social policy during the renovation period in vietnam

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS NGUYEN CONG LAP APPLICATION OF HO CHI MINH IDEOLOGY ON SOCIAL POLICY DURING THE RENOVATION PERIOD IN VIETNAM SUMMARY OF PhD THESIS Field of Study: Ho Chi Minh Studies Code: 62 31 02 04 HANOI - 2017 The thesis is completed at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Supervisors: 1. Assoc.Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thi Kim Dung 2. Dr. Tran Van Hai Reviewer 1: .... Reviewer 2: .. .. Reviewer 3: .. .. The thesis will be defended in front of the Thesis Committee at Academy level, at the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics At hour date month year 2017 The thesis can be found at the National Library and the Library of Ho Chi Minh Academy of Politics 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Urgency of the thesis Social policy holds a role of specialties in all activities of organizing, operating and managing the society. The effect of carrying out social policy contributes to healthy social and economic developments, strong, well-rounded human developments on the basis of fairness and improvement. For President Ho Chi Minh, the implementation of social policy is to solve problems directly related to users, thereby improving the material and spiritual life of the people. Ho Chi Minh's idea of social policies is a system of points about the purposes, objects, contents, requirements and forces implementing social policy. His thought of social policies is the spiritual treasure of the State, always guiding the way for victories in our people’s revolutionary causes. In the renewal era in Vietnam, the task of building and defending the Fatherland, the Party and the State has operated and developed the Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy to suit the new situation, contributing to building successful socialism. In fact, this is an more appropriate process of the socialist path in accordance with the reality of Vietnam, which is to carry out the teachings of President Ho Chi Minh with the expectation that all people have the opportunity to make ends meet, to be educated, in order to achieve the goal of wealthy people, a strong country, democracy, justice and civilization. Thanks to the policy of innovation, social policy has promoted the capacity of individuals and communities in the country's building and development, limiting the negative phenomena arising from the economic environment and the process of globalization, international integration. In addition to the achievements, there are still a number of constraints that need to be further adjusted, such as: Employment, poverty reduction, healthcare for the people, policies towards people with meritorious services to the revolution. In the period of comprehensive renovation and synchronization of the country, the research and application of Ho Chi Minh's ideology on social policy still has many problems, which require further research to apply creatively in accordance with current practice. Only on this basis can the Party and the State gain the vision and capacity of policy-makers and implement well the leadership and management of effective social policy implementation. Therefore, studying Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy to apply to the development and implementation of social policies in our country at this stage is 2 one of the necessary issues, is significant in both theoretical and practical practices. Recognizing the importance and urgency of this issue, the author selected the topic "Application of Ho Chi Minh Ideology on Social Policy during the Renovation period in Vietnam" as a doctoral thesis in political science, majoring in Ho Chi Minh Studies. 2. Target and mission of the thesis 2.1. Research target The study clarifies the content of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy, the current state of applying Ho Chi Minh's ideology on social policy in the reform period, and propose some solutions to apply Ho Chi Minh's ideals to improve the effectiveness of social policy implementation in Vietnam today. 2.2. Research mission - Explain the basic concepts related to the thesis. - Systematic analysis of Ho Chi Minh's ideology of social policy (aims, objects, contents, requirements and forces implementing social policy). - Analyze and evaluate the current state of applying Ho Chi Minh's ideology on social policy in the reform period with the achievements, limitations and causes of achievements and limitations. On that basis, propose solutions to use Ho Chi Minh’s ideals to improve the effectiveness of social policy implementation in Vietnam today. 3. Research target and scope 3.1. Researcfh target Ho Chi Minh's ideology of social policy and its application to the implementation of social policy in Vietnam. 3.2. Research scope - Content: The thesis focuses on the basic contents of social policy in Ho Chi Minh's ideals, including labor and employment policy, poverty reduction policy, health care policy, policies towards people with meritorious services to the country and the application of our Party and State in the reform period. - Time: The thesis studies Ho Chi Minh's ideals on social policy in both theoretical and practical thinking and the application of his thoughts on social policies of the Party and State from 1986 to present. 3 4. Rationale and methodology 4.1. Rationale The thesis is based on the theoretical basis of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh’s ideals, views, guidelines and policies of the Party and State on social policy. 4.2. Methodology In the process of doing the thesis, the author uses the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. In addition, the author also combines a number of specific methods such as history and logic, analysis and synthesis, statistics and comparisons, inductive and interpretive, etc. 5. Scienctific contribution of the thesis - Analyse and comment systematically, contributing to the clarification of Ho Chi Minh's views on social policy. - Thoroughly survey the implementation of social policies in the renovation period in Vietnam, on the basis of which evaluate the strengths, limitations and causes of strengths and limitations of the implementation of social policies according to Ho Chi Minh’s ideals during the reform period. - Propose some solutions to apply Ho Chi Minh’s ideology on social policy in Vietnam today. 6. Theoretical and practical significance 6.1. Theoretical significance The research results of the thesis contribute to better explain Ho Chi Minh's ideology of social policy from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh's studies as the basis for the Party and State to plan and implement policies during the reform period of the country today. 6.2. Practical significance The research results of the thesis serve as a reference for scientific research institutions, undergraduate and postgraduate schools in the fields of political sciences, social sciences and humanities. In addition, the thesis also documents the research and teaching of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals subjects in Academies, Universities and Colleges. 7. Structure of the thesis In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of scientific works of the author related to the thesis and reference list, the thesis contains 4 chapters, 9 sections. 4 Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF STUDIES RELATED TO THE THESIS 1.1. STUDIES RELATED TO THE THESIS 1.1.1. The studies of Ho Chi Minh ideology on social policy The researches has analyzed some basic contents of Ho Chi Minh ideology on social policy such as social policy must impact the class structure; impact social relationships; must be linked to economic and cultural policy; must be directed towards justice and social progress; the issue of planning and the role of the subject matter of planning and implementing social policy. 1.1.2. The studies on the application of Ho Chi Minh ideology on social policy in Vietnam during the reform period The works have studied the social policies of the Party, the State and the implementation of social policies in the cause of renovation; studied the solutions of social policy reform in social management and development; studied social welfare policies; studied a number of specific social policies on hunger elimination and poverty reduction, job creation, people's healthcare and policies towards people with meritorious services to the country. 1.2. EVALUATING RESULTS OF THE AVAILABLE RESEARCH AND ISSUES THE THESIS CONTINUE TO STUDY Through the overview of the thesis-related researches, it is possible to draw the following general conclusions: 1.2.1. The results of the researches related to the thesis Firstly, the works, writings of the authors have given the concept, the nature of social policy. In addition, these studies have also analyzed and assessed the current status of social policy implementation in a number of specific areas of society and came to the conclusion of the arguments and solutions of new management mechanism for the implementation of social policies in the cause of national reform. In addition, some studies have analyzed the social security and social welfare policies in some countries in the world and drawn out lessons for Vietnam. From the analysis of the need to establish a 5 social safety net, the authors affirmed that there is an inherent, inextricably linked, inseperable relationship between social security and social policy. Social security is a part of social policy in solving the pressing social issues related to people in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. Secondly, they explained some of the basic contents of Ho Chi Minh's ideals on social policy as a scientific argument for the planning, implementation and renewal of social policy in our country. The authors have analyzed in depth the relationship between social and human policies; the position and role of social policy in promoting the human factor as both a goal and a driver of development. In addition, the authors further analyzed President Ho Chi Minh's dialectical thinking in addressing the relationship between social policy and economic and cultural policy, in association with social management and towards social justice. Since then, the authors affirmed the great stature, great value of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals that laid the foundation for the development of social policies for the purpose of managing social development. Thirdly, these studies have made important contributions in asserting the consistency of the Party and State in applying Ho Chi Minh's ideology on specific social policies in solving social issues on both theoretical and practical aspects. Contributing to the study of the application and development of Ho Chi Minh's ideology of social policy in the cause of reform, some authors have initially clarified the value of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals about people, about social policy for the Party, State to build social policy in the current days. On that basis, the authors analyzed the current status of social policy in general and policies in certain social areas in particular and proposed some solutions to enhance the effectiveness of social policy in the reform period according to Ho Chi Minh’s idealss. 1.2.2. Issues that the thesis continue to study The above analysis shows that the research obtained relevant results and reference material for the thesis. However, due to different research purposes and approaches, the authors studied the content of Ho Chi Minh's ideals on social policy in different aspects, therefore are not yet fully comprehensively explained and generalized the content and human values in Ho Chi Minh’s ideals. The 6 above-mentioned studies, though, have studied and analyzed the reality of social policy implementation and proposed some solutions to overcome remaining weaknesses; but no authors or works has given an in-depth, systematic study of the application of Ho Chi Minh's ideology of social policy at the present. This is one of the gaps that need to be added in order to contribute to the research on the implementation of social policies in the comprehensive, synchronous renovation in Vietnam according to the Ho Chi Minh’s ideals. Therefore, the thesis issues should continue to study: - Firstly, systematize and analyze the content of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy. This is an important content that provides a theoretical basis for studying social policy in Vietnam during the country's reform. - Secondly, from the analysis of the current state of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy, the thesis points out the achievements and limitations in the implementation of the social policy of the reform period and the cause of the achievements and limitations. - Thirdly, the thesis proposes groups of solutions to apply Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy in order to further improve the effectiveness of social policy implementation in Vietnam at the present. CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 1 Research on the topic "Application of Ho Chi Minh Ideology on Social Policy during the Renovation period in Vietnam" reviewed the research topic related to the thesis in two groups: The study of Ho Chi Minh’s ideals on social policy; The study on the application of Ho Chi Minh's ideals on social policy in Vietnam in the reform period. The research results of related works are the reference sources for the research tasks of the thesis. 7 Chapter 2 HO CHI MINH IDEOLOGY ON SOCIAL POLICY 2.1. DEFINITION OF SOCIAL POLICY On the basis of approaching some social policy concepts of researchers, encyclopedias of Vietnam and President Ho Chi Minh's conception, it is possible to outline the concept of social policy as follows. Social policy is a general policy component of a political party or government to regulate social relations and solve social problems in certain space and time, ultimately in order to satisfy or partially satisfy the legitimate needs of the people, in accordance with various objects, in the economic, cultural and social levels of certain periods to ensure stability, social development, social security, to create the engine for social development and human development. Social policy has a relationship with other policies, but the basic characteristic is its consistency with economic policy to bring about justice, progress and democracy for the people. 2.2. CONTENTS OF HO CHI MINH IDEOLOGY ON SOCIAL POLICY 2.2.1. Aim and target of social policy * Aim of social policy Under the new democracy - socialist democracy, President Ho Chi Minh has always stressed the need to put people at the center of development, the people being both the target and the driving force of the revolution, to attach importance, care and promote the human factor. That aim is not only for social policy but also for other policies. On the other hand, the planning and implementation of a system of policies including social policy demonstrates the preeminent nature of the socialist social system that we are building. * Target of social policy Social policy aims to address the needs and interests of the classes and the masses. President Ho Chi Minh made use of the relationship between class and ethnicity so that metaphysical divisions of the social classes and classes with other classes and social classes were not meticulously separated. The classes and relationship between the classes and the basic social class is a matter of great 8 concern for President Ho Chi Minh and occupy an important place in his system of ideals. The position, role and relationship of the classes has been pointed out, deeply analyzed and become the foundation for the ideas and policies of the Party and State that impact classes and specific social groups in the process of building a new society. 2.2.2. Basic content of social policy 2.2.2.1. Labor and employment policy President Ho Chi Minh has always stressed the need to give people work, to improve the material and spiritual life of the people. In Ho Chi Minh's view, employment and labor policy is a key role in enhancing people's living standards and affirms the responsibility of social management subjects for the process of generating income for people in the reformed lifestyle. On the contrary, as the owner of the country, people must always remember that labor is a sacred duty of every citizen to the Fatherland. Everyone must voluntarily participate in labor, contribute to the country up to their ability. 2.2.2.2. Poverty alleviation Policy In the philosophical development of Ho Chi Minh, only the new socialist regime can make every Vietnamese wealthy. This represents the profound difference and deep humanity of the social system that the whole Party, the whole army and the people have chosen and determined to build successfully to reach the goal of social development, making social relations are human in basis reach the highest level. These may be the first outlines of President Ho Chi Minh's hunger eradication and poverty reduction policies when Vietnam achieved independence. Along with Ignorance, Annexation, Hunger is considered one of the enemies that should be resolutely destroyed. Hence, eliminating hunger is a necessary and urgent task aimed at lifting the people out of poverty, so that everyone has a job and a happy life. 2.2.2.3. Policy on care and protection of the people's health President Ho Chi Minh said that health is the most precious asset of the people, which is one of the decisive factors in the success of all tasks, the victory of the cause of national construction and defense. Ho Chi Minh's views on the people’s healthcare are humanistic and scientific. The dialectical in his thinking 9 when asserting that health is a special front should need the physician is both talented and virtuous, holding both medical knowledge and altruism. His point of view, which has a deep scientific and humanistic value, has not only become the basis for the establishment and development of modern Vietnamese medical field, but also has guided the planning and implementation of policies on caring for and protecting the health of the people in the present period. 2.2.2.4. Policy for people with meritorious services to the revolution President Ho Chi Minh is always devoted to war invalids, sick soldiers, relatives of martyrs sentiment and deep concern. His consistent attitude towards the people with meritorious services to the country is that in every circumstance they help them gradually stabilize and gradually improve the material and spiritual life. The help must be practical, specific, organized and personalized. Since this is a work of gratitude, it is absolutely not forced and needs long-term help, not only for a short time, not by donating rice to wounded soldiers, but by creating favourable conditions and jobs for them. Everyone should consider this a duty, not a "charity". 2.2.3. Requirements of implementation of social policy 2.2.3.1. Social policy must come with social management Ho Chi Minh's view on the dialectical relationship between social policy and social management requires understanding that social policy is the concretization and institutionalization of state law from the ways, the Party's policy to solve social problems. This shows that one should not generally refer to social policy, but should link to specific objects in the social structure, in the fields of social life. On the other hand, social policy in association with social management on the basis of strengthening the law also means promoting the role and