Luận án The transformation of social structure of farmers in the mekong river delta nowadays

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS NGUYEN MINH SANG THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF FARMERS IN THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA NOWADAYS SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS FIELD OF STUDY: SOCIAL SCIENCE DOCTRINE Code: 62 22 03 08 HA NOI - 2017 The thesis is completed at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Duong Xuan Ngoc Reviewer 1: ....................................................... ....................................................... Reviewer 2: ....................................................... ....................................................... Reviewer 3: ....................................................... ....................................................... The thesis shall be defeneded in front of the Thesis Committee at Academy level at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics At...... hour....... date...... month...... year 2017 The thesis can be found at: National Library and Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics 1 INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of the thesis Social structure along with the mode of production, economic structure of society constitutes the basis of social reality, the basic factor, determining the development of society. Historical materialism states: "In every historical age, the primary mode of economic production and trade, together with the social structure determined by that mode, forms the basis of politics history of the time and the history of the intellectual development of the era, the basis that only from which we can explain that history. " The social structure is always changing depending on the change of economic production and life. The transformation of social structure has a strong impact on the transformation and development of economic production and the society in general, including both positive and negative impacts. It can be said, research on social structure and the transformation of social structure is the urgent theoretical issue being set. In Vietnam, in the renewal period, to develop the socialist-oriented market economy, to accelerate industrialization and modernization and international integration, social structure has significant and profound transformations, creating social effects and consequences. The Mekong Delta is one of the key economic regions of the country, especially the agricultural economy, in which farmers are the large and main workforce, the main subject of the industrialization and modernization process of rural agriculture and new rural construction in the area. In the past years, along with the strong economic changes, social structure in general, the social structure of farmers in particular in the Mekong Delta also has varied and diversified changes, contributing to the positive development in the socio-economic aspects of the Mekong Delta and its social life; However, there are also negative social consequences that are not desired, and there should be a positive orientation for the change accordingly. Because of this urgency, I chose the issue: "The transformation of the social structure of farmers in the Mekong Delta nowadays", as the topic of the PhD thesis in social science. 2 2. Research purposes and research tasks 2.1. Research purposes The dissertation analysis clarifies the theoretical issues about the change of social structure of farmers in the Mekong Delta; Analyze and clarify the situation of social structure changes of the Mekong Delta farmers in the current period, presenting the trends of changes in the social structure of the Mekong Delta farmers until 2020 with a vision to 2030, and propose solutions to positively direct that transformation. 2.2. Research tasks (1) present an overview of typical scientific works related to the topic; (2) Analyze and clarify the theoretical issues on the social structure change of the Mekong Delta farmers; (3) Analyze and clarify the situation of social structure changes of Mekong Delta farmers from 1996 to present; (4) Forecast the changing trend of social structure of Mekong Delta farmers until 2020 and vision to 2030; (5) Identify some basic ideas and propose solutions to positively orient the process of changing social monitoring of the Mekong Delta farmers in the present period. 3. Research subjects and scope of study 3.1. Research subjects Study on the social structure change of farmers in the Mekong Delta in the present period (farmers are studied as class). 3.2. Research scope - Research space: the surveyed population is in the Mekong Delta provinces, but mainly in five provinces (Long An, Vinh Long, An Giang, Ca Mau, Soc Trang and Can Tho). Because these are provinces and cities with many characteristics of the Mekong Delta. - Research period: The survey on the status of social structure changes of the Mekong Delta farmers and the trend of social structure change of farmers in the Mekong Delta is concentrated in the period (1996 to date), since this is the period with many undertakings, policies of the Party and State in socio- economic development which have a strong impact on the social structure of the Mekong Delta farmers. - Content of the study: The social structure of the farmer is very broad, including many types of social structure, within the scope of this topic, the author only mentioned three basic types of social structure of farmers in the 3 Mekong Delta, which are: Social - class structure; Social - occupation structure; Social - population structure. 4. Theoretical - practical basis and research methodology 4.1. Theoretical basis The dissertation is based on the theoretical background on social structure, farmers’ social structure of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, Party and State documents, and selective inheritance of faculties, studies and related articles by other authors that have been published. 4.2. Practical basis - Based on the experience and lessons learned in solving the social structure transformation of the farmer class in other countries and regions in Vietnam. - Based on the situation of all Mekong Delta farmers and the changing situation of social structure of farmers in the Mekong Delta in recent time. 4.3. Research Methodology * Methodology The thesis is based on the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism in which the specific historical objective principle is applied in a concrete way. This means that the theme "The transformation of the social structure of Mekong Delta farmers nowadays" should be studied in the context of the transition to a market economy mechanism, implementing industrialization, modernization of the country and international economic integration. Applying the methodology of philosophy, scientific socialism, objects of the subject are approached objectively, mobilized and transformed according to the development of society. * General method The thesis uses the synthesis of general methods such as: analysis - synthesis, system - structure, logic - history ... * Specific method - Document analysis method - Method of field survey 5. New contributions of the thesis 5.1. New theoretical contribution The thesis contributes to clarify the theoretical issues on the social structure change of the Mekong Delta farmers: general theories on the change 4 of social structure, social structure of farmers, the concept of social structure, the change of social structure of the farmers in the Mekong Delta and the basic content of the change of social structure of farmers in the Mekong Delta; Generalizing the factors influencing the social structure change of the Mekong Delta farmers; Assessing the situation and forecasting of the trend of social structure change of farmers in the Mekong Delta; Proposing ideas and solutions to the positive trend of social structure change monitoring of Mekong Delta farmers from now until 2020 with a vision to 2030. 5.2. New practical contributions (1) Analyze the factors influencing the social structure change of the Mekong Delta farmers in the current period; (2) Analyze and clarify the situation of social structure change of farmers in Mekong Delta from 1996 to present; (3) Forecasting the changing trends of social structure of Mekong Delta farmers to 2020 and vision to 2030; (4) Proposed some specific and feasible solutions to positively influence the social structure change of the Mekong Delta farmers to 2020 with a vision to 2030. 6. The practical meaning of the thesis (1) The research results of the thesis contribute to deepen the scientific basis of the study and solve in practice the problems of the social structure change of farmer classes and social policy towards farmers in our countryside today. (2) The dissertation can also contribute to supplement and improve the Party's and State's guidelines and policies towards farmers in the Mekong Delta, consolidate and strengthen the agro-industrial-intellectual union in the current period. At the same time, the dissertation can also serve the study, research and teaching of a number of philosophical topics, social science and social sciences in colleges, universities and main schools in provinces, district training centers in the Mekong Delta. 7. Structure of the thesis In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of works published by the author related to the thesis and list of reference, the thesis consists of 4 chapters, 11 sections. 5 Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF FARMERS Transforming social structure, transforming the social structure of the farmer class is common in Vietnam since moving to a market economy. This social process has been taking place in an increasing severe and complex way (influences both positively and negatively) on many aspects of social life. For that reason, from the early 1990s to now, there are many organizations and individuals interested in researching and interpretating of this issue in terms of theory and practice. It is possible to re-organize those studies in the following categories: 1.1. THEORETICAL RESEARCH WORKS ON SOCIAL STRUCTURE, CHANGES IN SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE CHANGE OF THE FARMER CLASS 1.1.1. Theoretical studies on social structure and transformation of social structure (1) Hoang Chi Bao (1992), Classical social structure in our country - theory and practice, Social Science Publishing House, Hanoi; (2) Nguyen Quang Ngoc - Editor (1998), Social structure in the development of Vietnamese history, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi; (3) Nguyen Dinh Tan (2005), Social structure and social stratification. Contributions in theory and practical application. "Journal of Sociology, Vol. 3; (4) Pham Ngoc Quang - Dinh Quang Ty (2006), "Contributing to recognize the social structure of our country through 20 years of renovation," Journal of Philosophy, No. 3 (178); (5) Research by Phung Thi Hue - Editor - (2008): Transforming Class Structure in China during the Opening Reform; (6) Bui The Cuong - Editor (2010), Contribution to the study of social change in Vietnam today, Social Science Publishing House, Hanoi; (7) Do Nguyen Phuong - Tran Xuan Kien (2010), Vietnam social structure and pressing social issues in the renovation process, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi; (8) Ta Ngoc Tan - Director (2010), Trends in social structure change in Vietnam, State-level scientific research project, Political-theoretical research program 2006-2010, No. KX.04 / 06-10, Hanoi; (9) Le Huu Nghia - Chairperson (2010), Social structure and social stratification in our country in new conditions, State-level scientific project 6 KX.02.17 / 06-10), Hanoi ; (10) Nguyen Van Nam (2011), "Differentiation of the rich and poor in our country today," Journal of Living Theory, No. (2); (11) The American Socialist Variation Study, by Ian Robertson on the basis of income and occupation, divides American society into six classes; (12) In recent years, a number of Chinese scientists have studied the transformation of social structure with a new approach that is consistent with the transformation of Chinese society during the opening of market economy. Typically, the study of Luc Hoc Nghe (Editor): A Report on the Study of Contemporary Chinese Social Level; (13) In Japan, after the Second World War, based on employment status, business size and occupation, Professor Tominaga Kenichi divided the Japanese society into seven classes. 1.1.2. Theoretical studies on the social structure of the farmer class (1) Do Thi Thach - Editor (2003), Socio-professional restructuring of Red River Delta farmers in current period, Ministry-level science research project, Hanoi; (2) Le Xuan Ba (2006), "Determinants of structural change in the labor force in rural Vietnam," Research Report, CIEM; (3) Duong Thi Minh - Chairman (2008), Current Transformation of the Vietnamese Farmer Class - Current Situation and Solutions, Ministry Level Science Project, Hanoi. 1.2. RESEARCHES ON THE ACTUAL SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS FOR ORGANIZING THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE FARMER CLASS (1) Le Ngoc Triet (2002) Trends of changes in the social structure of the farmer class in Vietnam, PhD thesis, Ho Chi Minh Academy of Politics, Hanoi; (2) Do Thi Thach - Editor (2003), Socio-professional restructuring of Red River Delta farmers in the present period, Ministry-level science project, Hanoi; (3) Tran Thi Minh Ngoc (2005), Migration with the Formation and Development of Southern Focal Economic Zone, Ministry-level Subject, Ho Chi Minh City; Le Xuan Ba (2006), "Determinants of structural change in the labor force in rural Vietnam," Research Report, CIEM; (5) Phan Thanh Khoi - Luong Xuan Hien - Co-editor (2006), Some socio-economic issues in the process of industrialization and modernization of the Red River delta, Political Theory Publishing House, Ha Noi (6) Pham Ngoc Quang - Dinh Quang Ty (2006), "Contributing to identify the social structure of our country through 20 years of renovation", Journal of Philosophy, No. 3 (178) (7) Duong Thi Minh - Chairperson (2008), Current Transformation of the Vietnamese Peasantry - Current Situation and Solutions, Ministry-level Science Project, Hanoi; (8) 7 Nguyen Ba Ngoc (2008), "Challenges in the restructuring of agricultural and rural labor in our country", Institute of Labor Science and Social Affairs, Bulletin (28), Hanoi; (9) Nam Son (2009), "Transforming the social structure and its impact on farmers and rural areas today," Journal of the Communists No. 20 (188); Vo Thanh Dung (2010), "Rural labor restructuring and the impact of this shift on farmers in Can Tho City", Journal of Science, No. 16, Hanoi; (11) Le Huu Nghia - Chairperson (2010), Social structure and social stratification in our country in new conditions, State-level scientific project KX.02.17 / 06-10), Hanoi ; (12) Do Nguyen Phuong - Tran Xuan Kien (2010), Vietnam's social structure and pressing social issues in the renovation process, National Politics Publishing House, Hanoi; (13) Ta Ngoc Tan - Chairman (2010), The trend of social structure change in Vietnam, State-level scientific project, theoretical and political research program 2006-2010, code KX.04 / 06- 10, Hanoi: (14) Le Thanh Sang, Nguyen Thi Minh Chau (2013), "Social stratification in the South East with a vision comparable to Ho Chi Minh City and the Southwest", Journal of Social Sciences, No. 2 (174), Hanoi; (15) Bui The Cuong (2015), "Farmers in social stratification structure", Journal of Sociology, No 2, Hanoi. 1.3. RESEARCHES ON AGRICULTURE, FARMERS AND RURAL AREA HAVING IMPACTS ON THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF FARMERS IN THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA REGION Le Huu Xanh (1998), Moral Characteristics of Farmers in the Southern Delta and Their Impact on the Industrialization and Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas in Southern Vietnam, Ministry Level Science Project, Hanoi; (2) Nguyen Dinh Huong - Editor (2001), Production and life of landless or lack-of-land farmers in the Mekong Delta - Current status and solutions, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi; (3) Lam Quang Huyen (2002), Rural Agriculture in the South towards the 21st Century, Science- Society Publisher, Hanoi; (4) Bui Thi Ngoc Lan (2006), Employment of Red River Delta farmers in the process of industrialization and modernization, Ministry-level Science project, Hanoi; (5) Sustainable Agriculture in Thailand - An evaluation on the sustainability in Ethanol Production, Piyawan SuksrijKeio University, Japan, (2008); Li Luping (2009), Household Income Transformation in Rural China, International Conference on Agricultural Economics, Beijing, China (7) Nguyen Van Sanh (2009) Develop "Tam nong" 8 and apply to the context of the Mekong Delta, Agricultural Publishing House. Ho Chi Minh City; (8) Some Theoretical and Practical Issues for Sustainable Agriculture Development and Lessons for Agricultural Development in Cambodia, Serey Mardy, Nguyen Phuc Tho, Chu Thi Kim Loan, Svay Kieng Unlversity and Hanoi University of Agriculture, Journal of Science and Development, 2013, vol. 11, no. 3; (9) The Saemaul Undong: South Korea's Rural Development Miracle in Historical Perspective, Mike Douglass, Asia Research Institute and Department of Sociology National University of Singapore, February 2013; (10) Party Committee of Can Tho City - Steering Committee of the Southwest - Editorial Board of the Communist Review (2014), "Industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in the Mekong Delta - 30 years of review" Study, Science workshop summary, May 19, 2014. Can Tho; (11) Hau Giang Provincial Party Committee (2014), Summary Report of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development at the 3 rd Briefing Meeting on the implementation of the National Targeted Program for Rural Development in the Mekong River Delta Region, held on February 24-25, 2014 in Hau Giang Province. 1.4. VALUES NEED REFERRING, PERSPECTIVES NOT YET APPROACHED OF THE RELATED RESEARCHES AND SOME ISSUES NEEDS FURTHER STUDYING Through the review of the research above can draw the general assessment as follows: 1.4.1. The values to be consulted and perspectives that have not been approached by the related researches Firstly, for the group of theoretical studies on social structure, social structure change, social structure change of the farmer class It can be asserted that in recent years, theoretical issues of social structure change, social structure changes of the farmer class has been studied by many scientists domestically and abroad from different directions, approaches, angles and levels (from books to state-level, ministry-level scientific subjects, journal articles, dissertations ...) and achieved very important results such as: The authors have clarified the theoretical issues on social structure, social structure change, the social structure changes of the farmer class in many aspects: concept, content, characteristics, trends of change, impacting factors, effects of that change on all aspects of social life ... The above research results 9 have made important contributions to the dissemination and development of theory, from the conceptual system to the way of approaches, methods of social structure screening, social structure change. The above studies on the one hand provide a valuable theoretical foundation for further exploratory analysis of the issue of social structure change, and social structure