Luận văn Human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with knowledge - Based economic development in thua thien hue nowadays

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ------------------------------ HA THI HANG HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH KNOWLEDGE - BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THUA THIEN HUE NOWADAYS THE DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS HA NOI – 2013 HÀ TH Ị H Ằ N G LUẬ N Á N T IẾ N SỸ K IN H T Ế HÀ NỘ I -2013 HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ------------------------------ HA THI HANG HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH KNOWLEDGE - BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THUA THIEN HUE NOWADAYS Major : Political Economy Code : 62 31 01 01 THE DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS Scientific instructors: 1. Associate Prof.Dr.Tran Quang Lam 2. Dr. Vu Thi Thoa HA NOI – 2013 HÀ TH Ị H Ằ N G LUẬ N Á N T IẾ N SỸ K IN H T Ế HÀ NỘ I -2013 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I here by declare that the research paper titled “Human Resources For Industrialization And Modernization Associated With Knowledge- based Economic Development In Thua Thien Hue Nowadays” my own work and to the best of my knowledge. Data and materials used in the thesis are real with obvious origins; findings in this thesis are studied results of the writer. AUTHOR OF THE THESIS Ha Thi Hang LIST OF ABRREVIATIONS CNH Industrialization CNH, HĐH Industrialization, Modernization CMKT Technical expertise CNTT Information technology CNXH Socialism CNKT Technical worker CĐ Junior College ĐH University FDI Foreign Direct Investment GD - ĐT Education- Training GS Professor KTTT Market economy KTTTh Knowledge-based economy KT - XH Socio-economy KH - CN Science-technology KCN Industrial Zone LLLĐ Labor force LLSX Production labor force LĐ Labor NCS Postgraduate NNL Human resource NNLCLC High-quality Human resource NNLKH - CN Scientific-technological Human resource PGS Associate Professor SC Elementary SX - KD Production-Business THCS Sencondary School THPT High School THCN Vocational school Ths Master TCCN Vocational Intermediate TC Intermediate TCH Globalization UBND People’s Committee TABLE OF CONTENT Page INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 1.2 CHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH INTO HUMAN RESOURCE FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITHKNOWLEGDE-BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The research works into human resources for industrialization and modernization. The research works into high- quality human resources in the knowledge-based economy 7 7 19 CHAPTER 2: RATIONALE AND REALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH KNOWLEGDE- BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 28 2.1 Human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 28 2.1.1 Human resources and characteristics of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 28 2.1.2 Industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy and requirements of human resources 35 2.2 Regularity in human resource structural shift towards industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 48 2.2.1 Factors affecting structural shift of human resources towards industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 49 2.2.2 Trends and regularity in the human resource structural shift towards industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 51 2.3 Experience of some countries and some provinces in the country in human resource development 59 2.3.1 Experience in the development of human resources in some East Asian countries 59 2.3.2 Experience in the development of human resources in some provinces in Vietnam 68 2.3.3 Lessons for Thua Thien Hue province in the development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 73 CHAPTER 3: THE CURRENT SITUATION OF HUMAN RESOURCE FOR INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE- BASED ECONOMY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE 76 3.1 Natural conditions, Socio-economic characteristics of Thua Thien Hue affecting the formation and development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 76 3.1.1 Natural conditions of Thua Thien Hue Province affecting the formation and development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 76 3.1.2 Socio- economic conditions of Thua Thien Hue affecting the formation and development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 78 3.1.3 Evaluation of natural conditions, socio- economic situations influencing the formation and development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 80 3.2 Development and movement of human resources structure for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in Thua Thien Hue Province 83 3.2.1 Actual situation of the scale and quality of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 83 3.2.2 Actual situation of structural shift of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 90 3.2.3 Actual situation of training system of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with knowledge- based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 112 3.3 Overall Assessment of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 118 3.3.1 Advantages, benefits in the development and structural shift of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 119 3.3.2 Restrictions, causes of limitations and issues raised in the development and structural shift of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy 122 CHAPTER 4: VIEWPOINTS AND SOLUTIONS TO HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION ANDMODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE 133 4.1 Viewpoints and forecasts on the development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 133 4.1.1 Forecasting the demand of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge- based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue in 2020. 133 4.1.2 The basic viewpoints in human resource development for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 135 4.2 Solutions to the human resource development for industrialization and modernization in association with development of knowledge- based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 143 4.2.1 Group of solutions to development of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 143 4.2.2 Group of solutions to direct training and retraining of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 150 4.2.3 Group of solutions to exploit and effectively use human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue 166 CONCLUSION 175 LIST OF REFERENCES APPENDIX LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Number sign Name of table and figure Page Table 2.1 Informatics’ Labor force in the total labor force of developed countries 56 Table 2.2 Labor force in the field of software in developed countries 56 Table 2.3 Work development in economic sectors in advanced countries 57 Table 3.1 The structure of the working age population by educational level 88 Table 3.2 The intelligentsia of Thua Thien Hue Province to 2010 89 Table 3.3 Scientific- Technical Staff of Hue University in 2001 - 2011 90 Table 3.4 Labor force working in the IT field in 2009 92 Table 3.5 Agencies' ratings on labor’s ability of creativeness at work 94 Table 3.6 Population aged from 15 and over with Technical Expertise divided by grade of training 102 Table 3.7 Labor force aged from 15 and over divided by training field in 2011 104 Table 3.8 Labor with employment aged from 15 and over by Technical Expertise level and Field of Training in 2011 105 Table 3.9 The number of employed labors divided by career 111 Table 3.10 Vocationally trained Labor force in Thua Thien Hue Province in 2001 - 2010 115 Figure 3.1 Human resources structure by levels of Technical Expertise in 1999 - 2011 99 Figure 3.2 Labor structure by economic lines in 1999 - 2010 107 Figure 3.3 Labor structure with employment divided by sector in 1999 - 2011 109 1INTRODUCTION 1. The urgency of the theme Theory and practice have confirmed the critical role of human resources, especially High-Quality Human Resources for the socio-economic development in general and industrialization and modernization in particular. In fact, nations and locals paying interest in training and rationally effective use of human resources have reaped success. The rapid recovery of Germany after World War II, or the miraculous development of the countries and territories with the advanced industry in Asia like Japan, Korea, and Singapore ... is clear evidence. Human resources plays a decisive role, but different levels of development pose different requirements for human resources. In the context of the scientific and technological revolution, the trend of globalization and the rapid spread of the knowledge-based economy, Vietnam can not make industrialization, modernization in the "traditional" way but "taking a short-cut and wait in front" instead, ie industrialization, modernization are associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy. The Resolution of the Tenth Party Congress confirmed "Seize the favorable advantages created by the international context and the potential, advantages of the country to shorten the process of industrialization and modernization in the country as socialist-oriented, socialism associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy". To accomplish this goal, in the strategy of socio-economic development to the year 2020, the Party identified three breakthroughs and one of them is rapid development of human resources, especially high-quality human resources. Thua Thien Hue is a Province in the Central Region with relatively harsh natural conditions and limited resources for the socio-economic development. Recognizing the importance of human resource development, High-Quality Human Resources for the socio-economic growth and development, Thua Thien Hue Province has so far formed the Project 02/TU/2008 for training doctors and masters abroad; Project 03/TU/2008 for training of key staff in communes, wards and town 2by titles; Planning for Education- Training development by 2015 and orientations to 2020; Project for development of vocational training in the period of 2011-2015 and prospect to 2020… The education level of the population in working age has a positive change: the literacy rate of employment in 2005 was 83% by 2010 increased to 93.5%; the rate of educated workers from secondary school and high school is increasing with high density, in 2001 accounted for 33.6% and in 2010, 49.5%. Along with the increasing education level of workers, the knowledge trend to form High-Quality Human Resources is increasingly is very clear: in 2010 the number of people with postgraduate degrees was 2,024 people, 41,744 people with university degrees, 13,505 people with college degrees, 34,198 people at intermediate level, technical workers, 202,860 at primary level, 148 professors and associate professors, 106 meritorious People’s teachers, 15 meritorious People’s physicians, 16 meritorious artisDr. In addition, the capacity, the ability to create, manipulate the knowledge, skills, training in scientific research, teaching, leadership, management, labor, manufacturing, health care, community were raised: in 2006 there were 98 scientific researchers awarded the Ancient Capital prize in science-technology; in the period 2003 – 2008, 13,100 scientific researchs, innovation and creativity of workers and employees were applied… However, the human resources of the Province is not commensurate with the requirements of industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy. Major manifestations are: 1) Workers from 15 or older not having the technical expertise account for relatively high proportion (87.4% in 2009), the number of employees with technical expertise was only 12.6%; 2) The level of training takes time to change; 3) The qualifications training structure between vocational levels was inadequate: elementary vocational training and equivalent accounted for more than 84%; while Vocational Intermediate and equivalent accounted for only 14%, while vocational college training was too low, only 1.79%; 4) The staff of the commune, ward or township has limited capacity, 3professional expertise: more than 50% of the commune, ward or township does not meet the standard ... The question is, to absorb and apply the achievements of human knowledge, to create new knowledge and implement the Conclusion 48/KL - TW dated 25/5/2009 of the Political Bureau on building and development of Thua Thien Hue Province by 2020, it requires the Province to focus on human resource development, high- quality human resources. This is a big challenge for Thua Thien Hue Province where the majority of the population living on agriculture with backward production level of mainly simple and unskilled labor. Therefore, development of human resources to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy should be studied deeply both in theory and practice to get the consistency in awareness, as well as the way to do it. Deriving from the above reasons, the postgraduate student chooses the topic "Human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien Hue at the present time" for the doctoral thesis. 2. Objectives and research tasks of the dissertation 2.1. Research objectives On the basis of the systematizing theoretical and practical issues in human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy, the thesis analyses, assesses the situation of human resources for industry of modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. It has proposed a number of measures to develop human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien Hue in the near future. 2.2. Research tasks With the above objectives, the thesis has the following main tasks: 4Firstly, systematize and analyze the theoretical and practice basis of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy. Secondly, the empirical study of a number of countries and a number of Provinces in the country in the development of human resources, the thesis draws out lessons useful and valuable reference for learning, model selection and development of human resources to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. Thirdly, analysis of the current status of human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. On that basis, the thesis provides viewpoints and proposes some solutions in order to develop human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue from now to the year 2020. 3. The object and scope of the study 3.1. Studying Object of the thesis The dissertation studies the human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in view of scientific political economy, which mainly studies the state of development and the movement of human force structure in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue, from which proposes solutions to build human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in Thua Thien-Hue from now to 2020. 3.2. The scope of research topic Space: Studying human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. 5Time: Studying human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien Hue with the data limited in the period from 1999 to 2012 and the solutions made for the period up to 2020. 4. Research Methodology - The thesis is based on the theoretical basis of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s Ideology, viewpoints, guidelines and policies of the Communist Party, the State's policy on human resource development and the relating economic theories. Factual basis of the thesis is to analyze the experience of some countries and localities of our country and evaluate the development status and shift the structure of human resources in Thua Thien-Hue. - On the theoretical basis of dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marxism-Leninism, the thesis uses specific methods: analysis - synthesis method, information collecting and processing method; at the same time, inherits the research results related to the thesis. - In particular, questionnaire survey is used to collect opinions of employees on issues related to human resources. Due to limitations in time and expense, the thesis only surveyed 500 labors including workers in enterprises (100 samples), labors doing management work (100 samples); labors in the fields of Finance, Banking and Insurance (100 samples); labors doing Education- Training tasks (100 samples) and labors in Construction, IT and Telecommunication (100 samples). In addition, the thesis uses expert method to interview 80 people working in leadership, human resource management in many agencies and businesses located in the Province and has direct discussion with a number of scientists to clarify the theoretical and practical issues related to the thesis. 5. New scientific contribution of the thesis - Introducing the concept of human resources, human resources for industrial