Luận văn Traditional craft village for tourism in thua thien hue province

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL ECONOMICS -------------------- PhD. Student NGUYỄN LÊ THU HIỀN TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGE FOR TOURISM IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE Major : Political Economics Code : 62 31 01 01 SUMMARY OF PhD. THESIS IN ECONOMICS HANOI 6/2014 Works completed in the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Supervisor: Ass. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thi Nhu Ha Opponent 1: Opponent 2: Opponent 3: This thesis shall be defended at the academy-level thesis evaluation council at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics. At…..o’clock on day…month….2013 This thesis can be seen at: National library and Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics 1INTRODUCTION 1. The urgency of the thesis In the historical development process of Thua Thien - Hue, since the Nguyen Dynasty Hue was selected as the land for urban settlement, the rural village system of Thuan Hoa - Phu Xuan at that time had some motions together with the advent of the malls, docks ... especially, the demand for commodity exchange created premises to promote the development of handicraft industry; then the formation and development process of handicraft villages was also the narrowing down of agricultural economy and innovating the rural aspect in profession-oriented and craft villages associated with agricultural production activities in the traditional Vietnamese socio-economy. The craft and traditional craft villages have contributed to building cultural identity for the Vietnamese people, contributing an important role in the socio-economic life, particularly in rural and agricultural areas. On the other hand, traditional villages are characteristics that contribute to the labor division in the Vietnamese traditional agricultural economy into three industries, industry - agriculture - trade. This economic structure has actually created for the Vietnam villages to have long-term and steady stability. Even to the late XX century and early XXI century, the impact of scientific and technological advances did not make it change significantly or if any, there would be very slow changes. Therefore, in the growing trend of economic and cultural integration between countries, the preservation and development the cultural characteristics of a region, a country is extremely important as it both preserved and developed traditional values of the nation to "integrate internationally but not dissolved", and contribute to creating a positive impetus to reduce poverty, improve living standards for the residents and innovate the countryside face, promote labor restructuring and rural economic structure towards industrialization and modernization. Today, as the society develops, the need to relax, enjoy and travel of people increases. To meet this demand, many forms of tourism came into being such as ecotourism, cultural tourism, community tourism, spiritual tourism, ... in which the rural tourism form is well developed in domestic and international tourist programs and routes. Rural tourism is the form to develop the harmony in culture, produce, traditional villages ... In Vietnam, craft villages for tourism is increasingly attractive to domestic and foreign tourists, being the general cultural type of tourism, taking 2tourists to visit, evaluating traditional values and purchasing the typical goods of those traditional villages. This raises an inevitable requirement that is to build and develop a number of traditional villages with characterized, unique traditional values, with a lot of development potential associated with the tourism sector. In Thua Thien Hue province, the system of traditional villages is abundant and diverse, converging several factors suitable to build into traditional villages associated with the tourism sector. This is considered a prominent advantage of Thua Thien Hue province in the process of developing the tourism industry into a key economic sector. However, the restoration and development of the traditional craft villages is still generally spontaneous, based on the nature of the craft villages which are simply of production quality, not conversed to serve tourism. From that it has not timely met the needs of sightseeing, experiencing of visitors as well as failing to meet the market needs for the kinds of tourism products. This practice raises an urgent need for Thua Thien Hue in the socio- economic development process, being objective, in line with the trend of the times that is to restore and develop the system of traditional craft villages associated with tourism service in a sustainable manner. For this reason, the PhD student has chosen the theme: "Traditional craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province" as her economic doctoral thesis. 2. Objectives and research tasks of the thesis 2.1. Objectives of the study Analysis and evaluation of traditional craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province to determine the direction and propose some solutions to develop traditional craft villages (TCV) for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province by 2020. 2.2. Research tasks To accomplish this goal, the thesis has the following main tasks: First, codify theoretical issues and practices related to traditional craft villages for tourism. Second, conduct research, surveys, analysis and evaluation of the status of TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province in the 2008-2012 period, pointing out the results, limitations and causes in the process of TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province. Third, the propose directions and feasible solutions to overcome these limitations exist in the development process of TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province. 33. Object and research scope of the thesis 3.1. The research object of the thesis The thesis only focuses on studying TCV associated with tourism (TCV for tourism) in Thua Thien Hue Province to build a theoretical framework to have the basis for researching TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue. 3.2. The research scope of the thesis Location: Researching 25 TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province. Duration: Researching TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province period 2008 - 2012, offering recommendations and solutions for developing TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue by 2020. 4. Research methodology of the theme - In the course of the study, the PhD student used the study methods of political economy, that is: the scientific abstracting method, statistical method, analysis method, synthesis method, comparison method. - The thesis uses the research methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marxism - Leninism to study the problem of TCV in a dialectical relationship with tourist activities and other issues related to that study, set in a specific historical context when Vietnam develops its market economy in socialist-oriented market economy and international economic integration. - In addition, the PhD student also uses the sample selection survey methodology using questionnaires to collect the opinions of visitors, artisans and producers, businessmen in TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province on issues relating to TCV for tourism. Due to limited time and funds, the thesis only surveyed 151 craftsmen, 300 production business units and 245 visitors to TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province. There is also the use of expert method to communicate directly with a number of scientists, producers and businessmen in TCV for tourism to further clarify the theoretical issues and practices related to the thesis. 5. New contributions of the thesis First, the thesis put forward the concept and characteristics, the role of TCV for tourism on the basis of inheriting some of the views of the previous studies of TCV in general and constructing criteria and factors affecting the traditional craft villages for tourism. Second, through researching the experience of developing TCV for tourism in a number of countries and a number of localities, the thesis 4draws on experience lessons in developing TCV for tourism for Thua Thien Hue province. Third, on the basis of analyzing, evaluating TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province over the reported figures of competent authorities and practices in the survey questionnaire of the PhD student, the PhD student makes assessments on the achievements, constraints and causes of the limitations in the development process of TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province. Fourth, the dissertation proposes directions and solutions to develop TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province by 2020. 6. Significance of the thesis. 6.1. Reasoning meaning The thesis contributes to further elucidate the theory and practice of traditional craft villages for tourism. 6.2. Practical significance The thesis can be used as reference for scientific research and teaching in colleges and universities. The direction and solutions proposed by the thesis may suggest management agencies consult in the development of traditional craft villages for tourism at local level. 7. Structure of the thesis Besides the introduction, conclusion, appendices, references, the thesis includes four chapters and 10 sections. 5Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE THEME OF THE THESIS 1.1. PUBLISHED SCIENTIFIC WORKS RELATING TO THE THEME OF THE THESIS. 1.1.1. Published scientific works relating to the theme of the thesis abroad. The PhD student has investigated some scientific works published abroad, namely: 1) the two author G. Michon, F. Mary (1994), Conversion of traditional village gardens and new economic strategies of rural households in the area of Bogor, Indonesia, Agroforestry Systems Journal Vol.25, No.1, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Indonesia, pp.31 - 38. 2) Liu Peilin (1998), To Establish a Protection System for China's Famous Villages of Historic and Cultural Interest, Journal of Peking University No.1, China. 3) The co-authors LU Song, LU Lin (2004), Temporal Characteristics of Tourist Flows to Ancient Villages - A Case Study of Two World Cultural Heritages, Xidi Village and Hongcun Village, Scientia Geographica Sinica Journal No.2, China, pp.21. 4) Kirsty Blackstock (2005), A Critical look at Community Based Tourism, Community Development Journal No.1, Oxford Univ Press, pp.39 - 49. 5) Che Zhenyu, Bao Jigang (2006), Research on Tourism Development of Traditional Villages and the Change of Form, Planners Journal No.6, China, pp.13 etc. 1.1.2. Status of research of issues related to the theme of the dissertation in the country. Related to research issue of the dissertation, in the country there have been a lot of scientists doing research with multiple angles and different approaches, aiming to solve many different goals for traditional villages in general in Vietnam which is divided into groups of scientific works specifically as follows: 1) Group of scientific works researching TCV history including works such as: Nguyen Huu Thong (2004), Hue craft and traditional craft villages", Thuan Hoa Publishing House, Hue; Pham Con Son (2004), Vietnamese traditional craft villages, Ethnic Cultural Publishing House, Hanoi; Author Le Nguyen Luu (2/2013), Hue Traditional Craft Villages, ancient and modern Hue magazine ... 2) Group of scientific works which have codified basic theories relating to TCV such as: Mai The Hon (2000), Developing traditional villages in the process of industrialization and modernization in the environs of Hanoi capital, PhD Economics Thesis, Ho 6Chi Minh National Academy of Politics; author Tran Minh Yen (2003), Development of traditional villages in rural Vietnam in the process of industrialization and modernization, PhD Economics Thesis, Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics. 3) Group of the scientific works studying the recovery process and the development of TCV of localities and in the world including the works: Vietnam Institute of Social Sciences and Northeast Asia Research Institute (2004), Conservation and development of traditional craft villages in Japan, Ha Noi; Author Bui Van Hung (2006), Chinese Rural Industrialization in reform and opening door periods, Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi; Author Vu Van Dong (2010), Each Village a Product is the solution for sustainable tourism development - experiences from other countries and Vietnam, Journal of Development and Integration, No.3, pp.34-37. 4) Group of scientific works toward the goal of proposing systems of solutions to restore and develop TCV in Vietnam countryside including such works as: Vietnam Union of Scientific and Technical Association (2003), Situations and solutions to develop craft villages in Bac Ninh, Proceedings of scientific seminar, Hanoi; Nguyen Tri Dinh et al (2005), Solutions to develop craft villages in some Red River Delta provinces, ministerial level scientific research theme, Hanoi; Nguyen The Thu (2005), lending funds to support traditional craft villages, the right direction contributing to the boost industrialization and modernization of rural Bac Ninh, Journal of Education and Reasoning, Hanoi. 5) Group research projects on tourism development issues associated with TCV in Vietnam including the works: Author Vu The Hiep (2008), Potential for developing craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province, Journal of Science and Education, Hue University of Pedagogy, No. 4, pp. 120-123; Tran Viet Luc (2011), Problems in the investment and development of tourism products associated with tourism villages and removing solutions, Proceedings of the "Workshop on Craft Festival and traditional villages of Hue" Hue, pp. 32-38; Author Nguyen Thi Ngoc Cam (2013), Research on Sustainable Development of craft village tourism in Thua Thien Hue, Proceedings of the "Workshop on Hue Festival of Craft and traditional craft villages" Hue, pp. 12-16; Nguyen Phuoc Quy Quang (2013), Craft village tourism in the Mekong Delta - A cultural advantage to develop tourism, Integration and Development Journal, No. 10, pp. 62-66; Author Phan Tien Dung (2013), Preserving and promoting traditional villages contribute to promote tourism of Thua Thien Hue Province for sustainable development, Proceedings of the "Workshop on Hue Festival of Craft and traditional craft villages" Hue, pp.05 -11; Author An Van Khanh (2013), Developing craft villages, professions connected with tourism, 7Proceedings of the "Workshop on Hue Festival of Craft and traditional craft villages”, Hue, pp. 39 – 47, etc. 1.2. RESEARCH RESULTS OF PROJECTS DISCLOSED THAT THE THESIS WILL HAVE INHERITANCE AND GAPS IN RESEARCHING TCV FOR TOURISM THAT THE THESIS WILL CONTINUE. The PhD student draw the results of scientific works that have been published that the thesis can inherit as: - A number of issues related to traditional villages have been clarified such as: the basic theory of traditional villages, the fundamental role of traditional villages in the overall economic development and tourism development in particular; overall assessment of the historical elements of the formation of traditional villages in general, and traditional values of traditional craft villages in Vietnam; identifying the important role of the restoration, preservation and conservation of traditional values in general and traditional values of Vietnam traditional villages in the process of development of economy and tourism. - The idea of developing tourism with many different forms of travel combined with local TCV. The research results of the scientific works published above, on the one hand, has solved many problems of theoretical and practical importance related to the recovery process and development of TCV in the world and in Vietnam; on the other hand, with the trend towards modern development, international integration, it has raises a critical need to continue to study the issues related to TCV in new condition (associated with serving tourism) . Thus, the thesis supposes that there are some issues that need to continue studying as follow: - Clarifying the concept, features, the role of TCV for tourism in new conditions of the country and the world. - Develop assessment criteria and factors affecting traditional craft villages for tourism. - Study and assess the status of traditional craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province, on that basis propose direction and some solutions to restore and develop traditional craft villages for tourism of the locality by 2020. 8Chapter 2 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS ABOUT TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM 2.1. DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS, THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM. 2.1.1. The concept of villages, traditional villages and traditional craft villages for tourism. 2.1.1.1. The concept of the craft village and traditional craft villages Craft village is conceived as a residential cluster in a village having one or more jobs which are separated from agriculture for independent production business. Income from those jobs accounts for a high proportion of the total value of products throughout the village. TCV are the villages that have one or more traditional craft separated from agriculture for production business and bring about major source of income for the year. The craft has been passed from one generation to another, often for generations. Along with the challenge of time, these craft villages have become dominant, a traditional, fine craft, with a class of professional or semi-professional craftsmen who dedicate to the production, with certain technological process and live mainly on that. Their products have fine art features and has become a commodity in the market 2.1.1.2. The concept of traditional craft villages for tourism TCV for tourism serves as a "destination" of tourists, they are traditional villages, with one or more of the traditional craft separated from agriculture, developing into specific, outstanding occupations for production business, associated with tourism activities, and providing travel products of TCV for tourism to serve tourists, contributing to increased income for workers in TCV from the sales of those tourist products. 2.1.2. Characteristics of traditional craft villages for tourism. 1) The business production organization operations of TCV for tourism are associated with tourism activities; 2) Develop diversely in size, industrial career structure and other services at TCV for tourism; 3) The tourist products of TCV for tourism is concretized into handicraft products and other forms of tourism services, very rich and diverse, driving to satisfy the needs of visitors; 4) The labor force in the traditional craft villages for tourism include skilled artisans, holding the unique secret of the craft villages and skilled workers, the apprentice; 5) TCV for tourism serve as the crystallization age-old cultural values of the nation. 2.1.3. The role of traditional craft villages for tourism 9TCV for tourism has an important role for the development of tourism, economy and society in the localities specifically as follows: First, TCV for tourism contributes to exploiting the resources about tourism resources, investment capital, technical infrastructure and human resources for the tourism development in the locality. Second, TCV for tourism contributes to increasing supply and diversifying tourism products locally. Third, TCV for tourism contributes to create typical tourist destinations, expanding forms of association and cooperation in the development of tourism in the locality. Fourth, TCV for tourism contributes to maintaining national identity in Vietnam. 2.2. THE CRITERIA AND FACTORS AFFECTING TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM. 2.2.1. The criteria for evaluating trad