Tóm tắt Luận án Agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta

INTRODUCTION 1. Overview of the thesis Sustainable development is a common trend that mankind are working towards, is an important strategic goal that the Party, Government and people of Vietnam are determined to do. Therefore, sustainable development and agricultural development towards sustainability are a topic to be brought to exchange much discussion in many workshops, an issue that a lot of domestic and foreign scientists are interested in researching. The works "Agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta" is been interested in studying and cherished by the author during the learning, working and participating in teaching process; this is a significant issue in both theory and practice in our country in the current period. Works focus research in the Red River Delta, one of the centers of political, economic, is the second largest granary of the country, have an important role in ensuring food security of the country. On this basis, author clearer interpretation basics of rural sustainable way, contributing to the successful implementation of the sustainable development strategy in Vietnam. Works presented include the introduction, overview of research issues with three chapters (nine periods). Content addressing basic theoretical issues of rural development towards sustainability in a territory; experience towards sustainable rural development in the country; status and solutions towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. These issues are interpreted in the works; on one hand they are the successor to selectively some views of academics, work at home and abroad, on the other hand they are the effort of the author under the direction of Assoc. Prof., Dr. Bui Ngoc Quynh and consultation with local scientists. The result of the study, the authors wanted to contribute my small effort to solve one of the current pressing problems in the Red River Delta, where the author has had many years to live and learn. 2. Reasons for choosing the thesis topic Sustainable development has become requires objective necessity for all countries in the world today. In Vietnam, one year development perspective XI Congress identified in the strategy of economic development - society period 2010 - 2020 is "agile development associated with sustainable development, sustainable development is needs throughout the strategy". That shows that sustainable development becomes required, while the development objectives of all sectors and all areas in our country today, RRD is not out of this general trend. In recent years, particularly since a resolution in the Eleventh Party Congress, the local RRD has many guidelines and measures rapidly developing economic sectors, including towards sustainable rural development. The growth rate of agriculture is gradually rising continuously for many years. Agricultural development has been accompanied by the effective exploitation of natural resources, reducing pollution, associated with the settlement of social issues such as employment, economic restructuring, improve life citizens... However, reality shows that agricultural development in RRD is not really solid, no long-term strategy. The criteria towards sustainable rural development have not achieved such as low quality of growth; exploitation of natural resources in service in many local Rural ineffectively, even affecting the environment; Agricultural development is not really tied to solving social problems. From the current situation of agricultural development in RRD showed that many issues that need to be resolved. How to develop rural towards sustainability in the Red River Delta is the "concern" needed solution? Therefore, the study clarified the issue: "Agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta" with urgency on both the theory and practice. 3. Research purpose and task * Research purpose: The thesis was undertaken to build a scientific basis for the solution of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta in Vietnam. * Task: - Brief general theory of agriculture, rural development and sustainable development. Analysis clarify reasoning towards sustainable rural development; building central concept of the subject and the evaluation criteria towards sustainable rural development. - Research experience towards sustainable development and sustainable rural development of some countries in the world, from which to draw some lessons for the Red River Delta, Vietnam. - Surveying and assessing the situation towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta, Vietnam in the current period. Only the cause and the Rural Issues in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta. - Propose basic views and main measures towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta, Vietnam. 4. Research object and scope - Research object: The object of the dissertation research is the development of sustainable agriculture in the direction. - Research scope: About content: Research thesis approaches the development of sustainable agriculture in the Perspective of Political Economics. About space: the dissertation research and development towards sustainable agriculture on a specific location in the Red River Delta is Vietnam with 11 provinces and cities.   About time: Dissertation study period from 2004 to present (the figures given focusing on the period from 2008 to 2014). Propose solutions for sustainable rural development in the direction of Vietnam Red River Delta by 2020 and Vision 2030. 5. Theoretical, practical basis and research method -Theoretical basis: The dissertation research is based on theoretical basis of Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh ideology; the modern economic theory of rural and sustainable development for analysis and interpretation in the direction of sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. - Practical basis: The thesis is based on a factual basis for sustainable rural development in the direction of some countries in the world and RRD for research, survey and assessing the situation towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. - Research method Thesis using general method is the method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism; methods of analysis, synthesis, statistics, comparisons and expert methods ... Combining qualitative methods and quantitative methods to compare a control facility, indicating the nature issues convincing. Applying these methods help researchers approach, research and analysis of issues in relation to the general and the mutual impact of the development process ensure the scientific basis and objective of research problems. Specific method is the method of scientific abstraction, as the basis for the deployment of specialized studies political economy. This method helps fellows rid of random factors occurring during the study to find out what the most common issues, focusing deeply on the nature of the relationship, to study sustainable. 6. New contributions of the thesis - Clarify and supplement some theoretical issues and new concepts, the factors and criteria towards sustainable rural development. - Essential lessons towards sustainable rural development for Vietnam Red River Delta from the experience of some countries in the world. - To appreciate the situation and propose perspectives and solutions primarily aimed towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. 7. Theoretical, practical meanings of the thesis The research results of the thesis complement the theoretical and practical experience in the development of sustainable agriculture in the direction of the Red River Delta. The thesis can make reference in teaching, learning some subjects content block economic activity, the environment and some other related subjects. Also, scientists are suggestions to help managers build policies and implement effective solutions towards sustainable rural development in Vietnam's Red River Delta. 8. Structure of the thesis The thesis includes an introduction, an overview of the research issue, three chapters, 9 periods, conclusion, list of scientific papers related to the thesis of the author, lists of references and appendices. OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC 1. Foreign researches related to the topic * The typical works related to sustainable development These include the following research projects: John Blewitt in "Learning about sustainable development". Brundtland Report in 1987, the Earth Summit 1992 in Rio de Janiero, 1997 (Rio + 5), Peter P. Rogers, and John A. Kazi Jalal F. Boyd co-author of the book "Introduction to sustainable development ". Simon Bell and Stephen Morse in "Qualitative indicators of sustainable development". Simon Dresner in "The principles of sustainable development". The book "Sustainable world definitions and indicators for sustainable development" by Thaddeus C. Trzyna. Dalal - Clayton and Stephen Bass is co-author of the book "Sustainable Development Strategy". * The works related to aspects of agricultural development towards sustainability Mohamed Benassi, Shabbir A. Shahid, in his book "Sustainable Agricultural Development". Dinesh Kumar, MVK Sivamohan, Nitin Bassi coauthor of the book "Water management, food security and sustainable agriculture in the developing economies." The authors Bellon, Stephane, Penvern, Servane write the book "Organic Farming, models for sustainable agriculture." Abdul Malik, Grohmann, Elisabeth is the author of "Strategic environmental protection for sustainable development". The authors Bouman, Jansen, Schipper, H. Hengsdijk, A. Nieuwenhuyse wrote the book "approach to developing systems for sustainable agriculture". Furusawa Koyu author wrote the book "Towards a social civilization and sustainability: ecological civilization perspective from Japanese society." 2. Domestic researches related to the topic   * The typical works related to the Red River Delta Ha Huy Thanh as the head of the project "Some key measures to raise awareness about the environment by farmers to develop sustainable ecological agriculture in the northern delta region in 2011-2020". Nguyen Trong Xuan chairs the theme "Scientific foundations contributing to adjust the strategy development of the Red River delta sustainability principle. Author Vu Thi Hoai Thu researches "Sustainable Livelihoods coastal areas of the Red River Delta in the context of climate change: Case study in Nam Dinh province." Do Duc Quan Chairman of the topic "Sustainable Rural Development North Delta during the construction and development of industrial parks: Reality and Solutions". * The typical projects related to agricultural development and sustainable development Luu Bach Dung editor of the book "The institutional framework for sustainable development some Southeast Asian countries and lessons for Vietnam". Ha Huy Thanh, Nguyen Ngoc Khanh co-authored the book "Sustainable Development: from concept to action". Author Nguyen Minh Thu "Study on statistical evaluation of sustainable development in Vietnam". Pham Xuan Nam wrote "The philosophy developed in Vietnam a few key issues." Author Bui Duc Hung "Some basics on Sustainable Development South Central Coast." Dinh Van An author wrote the book "The concept and practice of economic development - society faster, sustainable and high quality in Vietnam". Nguyen Dinh Hoe author of "Environment and sustainable development". VIE/01/021 project "Supporting the development and implementation of Agenda 21 countries of Vietnam". Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam "Strategic Orientation for Sustainable Development in Vietnam". Author Le Anh Vu Chairman of the ministerial-level project "Effects of economic growth to sustainable development of society in the northern coastal province period 2012 - 2020 and vision to 2030". Nguyen Ngoc Khanh wrote the book "The basic problem of the environment and sustainable development of Central region in 2011-2020". * The works related to the size and quality of growth in agriculture   Ngo Thi Tuyet Mai editor of the book "Sustainable development of agricultural products of Vietnam exported in the current conditions". Pham Thi Khanh author wrote the book "To restructure the economy towards sustainable development in Vietnam". Nguyen Duc Khien author of the book "Man and sustainable development issues in Vietnam". Via eleven chapters, the author replied to the question what to do for the Agenda to become a reality? * The researches related to environmental and social aspects in agricultural development Truong Quang Hoc write the book "Vietnam natural environment and sustainable development". Author Pham Binh Quyen edits the curriculum "agricultural ecosystems and sustainable development". Truong Quang Hoc author of "Environmental protection and sustainable development in Vietnam". Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment "Environmental Report 2010 National". Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment "report assessing the current state of economic development - social and environmental issues in order to build environmental protection projects key economic region of Tonkin. Author Nguyen Thanh Hai with the research "Agricultural development midland provinces in northern Vietnam in a sustainable way." 3. Generalizing results of the published scientific works and issues that the thesis focuses on solving We can say the authors at home and abroad have been many studies on the angle and the range of different approaches. Although the works have various object and scope of studies, most of them have scientific approach, quite successfully, to avoid duplication and mold. However, due to the scope of the study, most of the major research projects on sustainable development in general; Research the position and role, the necessity of sustainable development, build content and criteria for sustainable development. Some work has clarified the relationship with the field of sustainable development of economic life, other societies. While there are some studies on RRD, reflecting some aspect of the object and scope of the thesis research but did not go into specific research in the field of agriculture. On the other hand, do not have any projects focused on the economic territory as RRD important in terms of political Economics. There is no works that mention the views and solutions towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. The projects focus on the three pillars of sustainable development in economic, environmental and social. No one works to address the issue of sustainability into social and sustainable development combined with the consolidation of defense - security, contribute to building a solid defense area. So the question should continue to solve, is the contribution of the dissertation without overlapping with research projects have been published. Chapter 1 AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY THEORETICAL ISSUES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE General theory of agriculture and agricultural development 1.1.1. Agriculture * Concept on agriculture In the historical development of human society, production agriculture is historically the oldest development. So agriculture is often referred to as a traditional economic sector, have an important role, to produce food, feed people food, as raw materials for industry and for export goods. Today, science and technology development, people applying machinery to replace labor and invented many other products. However, there are not any professions that could provide food and substitutes for agriculture. Human society grows, the needs of people increasing the role of agriculture has been confirmed. Now there are many different conceptions of agriculture, but fundamental research is consistent with the concept: Agriculture is the basic material production of society, in the narrow sense includes crop and livestock production, understood in a broad sense, including agriculture, forestry and fisheries. * The role of agriculture Agriculture has an important role in providing food, food for human consumption, guaranteed source of raw materials for industry, services and involved in exporting. At the same time, agriculture is the largest consumer market of industrial products and services. Agriculture directly involved in maintaining the ecological balance, protect natural resources and the environment. Agriculture is the area provides abundant human resources for other areas of social activities, contributing an important role building a solid defense area. * Features of agriculture From practical agricultural development, studies show that agriculture has the following characteristics: Agricultural production is seasonal high; Land is the main means of production in agriculture; object of agricultural production is a living organism, plant and animal; Agricultural production is conducted in large areas, regional crisp and direct impact to economic stability - society. 1.1.2. Agricultural development Agricultural development is understood as the process of change of agriculture in this period compared with the previous periods and often achieved at a higher level in terms of both quality and quantity. Agricultural development is a material production with output stability, diversity of types, suitable structure, better adapted organizations and institutions, to better satisfy the needs of people related to agriculture. 1.2. Agricultural development towards sustainability: concepts, criteria and factors that influence 1.2.1. The concept of agricultural development towards sustainability In recent years, some research work on the concept of rural development in a sustainable way, such as: Organization of food and agriculture of the United Nations (FAO) to discuss sustainable rural development (1992) definition: sustainable agricultural development is the management and conservation, change organizational practices and techniques ensuring satisfy the growing needs of people both for the present and future generations. Such development of agriculture (including forestry and fishery) will ensure no damage to the environment, resource degradation, appropriate techniques and technology, economic efficiency and be socially acceptable. According to the Technical Committee of FAO, sustainable agriculture involves the effective management of resources to meet the growing needs of people and still maintain or increase the quality of the environment and conservation natural resources. In the book "Sustainable Agricultural Development" Behnassi and Shabbir A. Mohamed Shahid (2012) Sustainable agriculture means: "The design of the system of durable residence of man: it is a philosophy and a approach on the use of land to create tight links between microclimate, annual plants, perennial plants, animals, soil, water and human needs, build strong communities and Effectively". From the point of view, the author says: Agricultural development towards sustainability is a process to improve productivity, quality and efficiency in agricultural production, on the basis of economic restructuring rational use rational use of natural resources, solving social problems associated with the protection of the ecological environment, to satisfy the demand for food, foodstuffs, raw materials for the production of society, both now and in the future. 1.2.2. Criteria for evaluating agricultural development towards sustainability From theoretical studies towards sustainable rural development, on the basis of the evaluation criteria in sustainable development strategy in Vietnam, the Ministry of monitoring indicators and evaluation of sustainable development at the local phase 2013 - 2020 and 19 criteria of new rural construction. The fellow summarizes criteria groups as effective measure towa