Tóm tắt Luận án Strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province to the year 2020

INTRODUCTION 1. Necessary of the theme In the world today, a sustainable tourism development is one of the important trends in the tourism development. It contributes to ensure balance for the tourism industry in environmental, social and economic of the countries, locals. A Sustainable tourism development helps ensure the best use of environmental resources, protect the natural biodiversity and the environment, It contributes to preserve heritage, traditional values of national culture as well as solve the employment and income for people in the whole world. Not only that, a sustainable tourism development help to maintain economic activities, provide social and economic benefits to all beneficiaries, and allocate fairly, including vocational careers and opportunities for stable profit and social services for the local community, and contribute to poverty reduction and prevent the negative impacts of unsustainable tourism development activities. In long term point of view, sustainable tourism helps exploit resources in a conscious and science way, ensure these resources to thrive and develop for the next generations who can follow and take benefits from.. Nghe An province is located in the center of the North Central Region. It has great potentials and advantages to develop tourism. In recent years, Nghe An government has focused on promoting the development of tourism to bring into full effect the advantages and exploit natural incentives, historical and cultural relics for developing economic. Nghe An province has considered the development of tourism as one of the key elements for economic growth in the context of the domestic economy faced many difficulties recently. As a result, the province has obtained many achievements in tourism activities. In particular, in 2014, Nghe An People's Committees has directed the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism to focus on building a civilized, safe and friendly tourism environment; Organized many promotion activities advertise tourism in Udon Thani (Thailand), Lam Dong, Da Nang ...; Signed tourism program between Nghe An and HCMC period 2014 - 2018; Organized conferences with tourism businesses; Opened Cua Lo Tourism Beach Festival 2014 ... In addition, the Province localities had directed to improve the work of ensuring security, safety, sanitation, food safety on area. Hotels and restaurant’s business activities remained stable, especially coastal food services tend to increase. In the recent period, on the basis of tourism development strategy of Vietnam, Nghe An also constructed tourism development targets, some programs and projects for tourism development. Basically, programs and projects for tourism development of Nghe An has guided the development of tourism in a sustainable way. Under the leadership of People's Committees, ​​Nghe An Tourism was initially promoted the strength of a province with great potential of natural, forest and marine ecology, It’s an important contribution to economic growth and environmental protection and towards the development of sustainable tourism. Thus, It contributed to solve employment for a large of employees, improve the quality of life and income of local communities. Through surveys and assessment on different angles (angle of travel managers, businesses and the community and visitors) has shown that tourism development programs and projects of Nghe An is still insufficient. Planning, construction and implementation of plans and programs for tourism development currently is slow, difficult to attract investment. Besides, the infrastructure system, transportation as well as the quality of human resources in tourism are low; Awareness of citizens and tourists in protecting environmental resources is not really good; The effectiveness of coordination between agencies with different management and tourism businesses, local people in the development of sustainable tourism is not high. Nghe An’s tourism products is monotonous, lack of diversity and it’s competitive strongly from many tourist areas throughout the country as well as international. Besides, the unfavorable weather and seasonality also affected significantly to the development of the North Central tourism in general and Nghe An province in particular. It was found that Nghe An Tourism has many opportunities to develop but there are also many difficulties, challenges and potentially unsustainable factors. Therefore, the province should have a strategy for sustainable development, which should enhance the quality of planning and construction programs and plans for tourism development, strengthening investment and development tourism infrastructure and protecting the environment, improving the quality of human resources to ensure the province's tourism develop sustainably. To contribute to systemize some theoretical issues of strategic development of sustainable tourism as well as analyze and evaluate the state of the implementation of the tourism development strategy into practical national building targets tourism and construction programs, plan, plan for tourism development of Nghe An, thereby determining the remaining issues to be addressed and propose some solutions to build development strategies sustainable tourism, the author has chosen the theme "Strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province to the year 2020" to do my research. 2. Objectives and tasks of the study * Objectives of the study: Researching the theoretical and practical issues about sustainable tourism development strategy in the present context, from that it’s applied to analyze and evaluate the strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province some years and propose solutions in order to improve the tourism development strategy of Nghe An province in a sustainable way by 2020, vision 2030. To achieve this goal, subject identified research approach as follows: At present, almost provinces have not constructed yet the Strategy for tourism development. However, the provinces are conducting strategy implemented national tourism development in the specific conditions of their province to build the strategic goals, plans, plans and programs to achieve the objective strategy of tourism development. Therefore, on the basis of a baseline study that content deployment of Nghe An, subjects will be analyzed, evaluated and recommended the perfect solution for the period 2020 and the following years. * Tasks of the study: - Systemize and clarify some basic theoretical issues of strategic development of sustainable tourism; analyze the characteristics, principles and strategic content for tourism development in the direction of a local sustainability. - Analyze and assess the status of the conditions to develop strategies for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province in some years to make accurate conclusions about the achievements, limitations and cause of limitations. - On the basis of theoretical studies and the status, subject given point strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province and propose some solutions to develop a strategy of tourism development Nghe An province in a sustainable way by 2020, vision 2030. 3. Object and scope of research * Subject of the study: The study rresearched theoretical and practical issues about strategies for developing tourism in a sustainable way. The study researched the process of implementing strategic national tourism development until 2020, vision 2030 to identify targets, planning, and program for sustainable tourism development of Nghe An province to 2020 and vision to 2030. * Scope of the study: - Scope of time: The study researched the actual status of deployed strategy for national tourism development in Nghe An, therefore it proposed a number of solutions to complete the construction sustainable tourism development strategy of Nghe An until 2020, vision 2030. The research data used in the subject were collected primarily during the past 10 years. - Scope of space: the study researched strategy of national tourism development as a basis for analyzing and evaluating the implementation of tourism development goals and plans as well as programs for sustainable development of Nghe An province. 4. Method of the Study: - Method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism: the common methodology for the research methodology of the subject. - Methodology desk research and inheritance: Look at the documents related to sustainable tourism development and strategy for sustainable tourism development inside and outside of the country to synthesize and systemize the theoretical issues of sustainable tourism development of a province. - Data collection methods: + Secondary data: using secondary data from the reports, statistic from Nghe An Statistic Office, Tourism Promotion Center, Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Nghe An province. + Primary data was collected from two sources: survey of businesses, organizations and business tourism services in Nghe An province, the tourism state managers of province, tourists coming to Nghe An, locals people in Nghe An and direct interviews with the tourism state managers. Sociological Survey was conducted directly by author through 150 questionnaires sent to the tourism companies and organizations in Nghe An province; survey of 102 provincial travel managers of county / district or town; 105 tourists to Nghe An and 105 local people in Nghe An. The interview process was done for the State management as representatives of Nghe An People's Committees, The Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Nghe and some business leaders. - Method of data processing: + Secondary data: using the analysis, evaluation, comparison and synthesis.. + Primary data: collected primary data was processed by SPSS software in conjunction with Excel to have the analysis results to reflect reality research problem. - Other methods: Statistical methods, analysis, synthesis, comparison 5. New contributions of the study * Theoretical contributions: From the general theory of sustainable tourism development, subject has some contributions on the following reasons:: - Aggregate, analyze and offer approach point of view, the concept of sustainable tourism development as well as point of view of strategic sustainable tourism development, besides the project also point to the role of strategic sustainable tourism development for the economic development, society and environment of a local. - Analyzing basic content of the strategic sustainable tourism development for the province include some content such as analyzing environmental sustainable tourism development, building strategic objectives, planning provincial tourism development sustainably, developing a plan for sustainable tourism development, building the institutions and policies of the province to implement the strategy of sustainable tourism development, implementation and strategic adjustments. For each item, subjects specified basic characteristics, conditions and circumstances applied and application-specific formats. On the basis of summing up the dissertation for sustainable tourism development and strategies for sustainable tourism development, the project has identified the objective and subjective factors that influent to strategic tourism development of a province, the objective factors include: state policies and local development of sustainable tourism, environmental law and local state of sustainable tourism development, the advantage compare geographical location and role for sustainable tourism development, the comparative advantages of geography and natural potential for sustainable tourism development, the development trend of demand for domestic and foreign sustainable tourism, social infrastructure in general and local in particular for sustainable tourism development and awareness of local communities about sustainable tourism. Group subjective factors include: Awareness of the role and importance of formulating strategies for sustainable tourism development of local leaders; local investment for sustainable tourism development; level of management staff and direct construction, implementation planning, tourism development strategy; workforce of the local tourism industry; competitiveness of local tourism businesses; promote the dissemination and promotion of tourism development. - Building data and objects survey information (including enterprises, tourism managers, tourists and locals), ensuring the representativeness, objectiveness, as basis for evaluating the conditions of strategic sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province and analyzing the influence of objective and subjective factors related to the strategy for sustainable tourism development of Nghe An province. * Practical contributions drawn from research results - Analyzing topic and learning experience through previous studies in the field of sustainable tourism development as well as related documentation inside and outside abroad in order to draw experience lessons for the building strategy of sustainable tourism development of Nghe An. - On the basis of secondary data, the subject has generalized the situation of tourism development of Nghe An province on a number of criteria such as the number of tourists, the contribution of tourism to the socio-economic development of province . - Based on the data and survey information objects (including business, tourism managers, tourists and locals), subjects were shown the existing problems, limitation and reasons as well as issues that need to continue to improve in order to build strategy for sustainable tourism development of Nghe An province. - Making recommendations in order to support the implementation of solutions for strategy sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province include: Improving environmental assessment of tourism development, completion of work planning, tourism development plan, including promoting regional links and tourist areas, perfecting the institutions and policies for implementing the strategy and mobilize all resources for the development of sustainable tourism, improvement evaluation strategy for sustainable tourism development - Proposed some recommendations for enterprises and concerned organizations. Solutions and recommendations of the research is basically consistent with the general development trend of the field of sustainable development in the tourism industry, and in line with the strategy, planning and tourism development of Vietnam in general and Nghe An province in particular until 2020. Above is the contribution of theoretical and practical aspects of the project contribute to improving the theoretical and practical strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An Province 6. Overview of the Study There are some research on tourism and development strategies inside the country and in the world. A common characteristic of these studies published was limited to the study of tourism development on some certain aspects, referring mainly to the solution of sustainable tourism development at a local . The research strategy of sustainable tourism development of Nghe An is a matter yet to be drill works on research ... To fill that knowledge gap, there should be an in-depth study more comprehensive and relevant to the sustainable development strategy of tourism in Nghe An province. So it can affirm that the research: "Strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An province to the year 2020" is not identical to the study published in the country and abroad. 7. Structure of the Thesis In addition to the cover page, table of contents, list of tables, figures, abbreviations, overview of the research, conclusions, list of references and appendices, the Thesis were structured into 3 chapters as follows: - Chapter 1: Some basic theoretical issues about sustainable tourism development strategies of a local. - Chapter 2: Current status of the construction and implementation of the sustainable tourism development strategy of Nghe An. - Chapter 3: Suggested solutions to partly contribute in construction and implementation for the strategy for sustainable tourism development in Nghe An up to 2020, vision 2030. CHAPTER 1 SOME BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES ABOUT SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF A LOCAL 1.1. BASIC CONCEPTS AND ROLES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Synthesis, analysis and unified view of sustainable tourism development (STD) and strategy for STD, includes: - The concept of sustainable development; - The concept of sustainable tourism; - The opinions of sustainable tourism development in the world. - The concepts of strategy - The concepts of strategy for STD: Based on the synthesis and analysis of relevant concepts, the author introduced the concept of strategy for STD as follow: "Strategy for sustainable tourism development is a common path and the key and overall solutions to develop tourism in a sustainable way". 1.2. CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTION PROCESS OF STRATEGY FOR STD OF A LOCAL Contents of a strategy for STD includes: - Building strategic targets: + Analyze the environment for STD + Building strategic targets - Master plan tourism development of a local in a sustainability way. - Make a plan of sustainable tourism development. - Build institutions, policies of a local to implement the strategy for STD. - Implement, assess and amend the strategy. 1.3. STANDARDS FOR ASSESSING THE STRATEGY FOR STD AT A LOCAL - According to quantity - According to quality 1.4. FACTORS AFFECTING THE STRATEGY FOR STD OF A LOCAL - Objective factors: + Development trends of tourism demand towards the factors of sustainable development + Policies for sustainable tourism development of government and local. + Competitiveness in tourism business + Natural potential advantages for sustainable tourism development + Comparative advantages of geographical location for sustainable tourism development + Social infrastructure in general and local in particular for sustainable tourism development + Awareness of local communities in developing sustainable tourism + Legal Environment of the State and local for sustainable tourism development - Subjective factors: + Awareness of local leaders about the role and importance of building the strategy for STD. + Financial capacity for sustainable tourism development of the province. + Qualification of management officials in constructions, direction and implementation the strategy for STD. + Competitiveness of tourism enterprises. + Human recourse of tourism of the local. + Promotion and marketing CHAPPTER 2 CURRENT STATUS OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF NGHE AN 2.1. GENERAL FEATURES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC OF NGHE AN PROVINCE INVOLVE IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 2.1.1. Natural features of Nghe An province concerning tourism development Nghe An province has good natural characteristics for tourism development with a coastline of 82km, 6 bays facilitate for maritime transport, road infrastructure, railway, waterway and airway. Nghe An is located in the tropical monsoon with cold winters and divided into two seasons: summer is hot, humid, rainy and winter is cold, little rain. Regarding tourism potential, Nghe An has plentiful, varied which are not much affected by human exploitation. Typical landscapes can be listed as Pu Mat National Forest, Pu Huong, Pu Hoat. The diversity of plants and animals, as well as the diversity of the cave system, waterfalls, etc. combined with clean and flat coastline, fresh environment with a diversity of natural tourism resources and humanities is favorable conditions for tourism development. 2.1.2. Socio-culture features of Nghe An involve in tourism development - Cultural values for touri