Luận án Hue cultural space with the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s personality

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS NGUYEN VAN QUANG HUE CULTURAL SPACE WITH THE FORMATION OF HO CHI MINH’S PERSONALITY SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS FIELD OF STUDY: HO CHI MINH STUDIES Code: 62 31 02 04 HA NOI - 2017 The thesis was completed at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Supervisors: 1. Assoc. Prof., Dr. Pham Hong Chuong 2. Dr. Ly Viet Quang Review 1: ...................................................................... ...................................................................... Review 2: ...................................................................... ...................................................................... Review 3: ...................................................................... ...................................................................... The thesis shall be defended in front of the Thesis Committee at Academy Level at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics At ...... hour ...... date ...... month ...... year 20.... The thesis can be found at: The National Library and Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics 1 INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of the thesis Ho Chi Minh President is the hero of national liberation, the outstanding cultural celebrity of Vietnam. He has a beautiful personality and has left a deep impression in the flow of human history, contributing to the enrichment and development of the common values of humankind. Therefore, researching the personality of Ho Chi Minh will help to clarify the unique values of Ho Chi Minh. Ho Chi Minh’s personality, which was shaped and developed from the multi-dimensional influences of the economic, historical, cultural, social and human conditions of the places where he lived and worked expressed through the thoughts and actions of Ho Chi Minh. Especially, cultural space was also one of the factors that had a deep influence on the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh’s personality, Hue has a particularly important place. In Hue imperial capital, the economic, political, cultural and social changes strongly affected to Ho Chi Minh. With the sensitivity of the intelligent learner and the desire to learn, to acquire new knowledge, Ho Chi Minh soon recognized the values of Hue culture, the cultural quintessence of the nation and humanity. From then on, Ho Chi Minh took a more mature step in thinking and acting, directly participating in the Duy Tan movement, fighting against the Thua Thien Hue people. The time of living in Hue combined with the culture of Nghe An has penetrated and deeply influenced Ho Chi Minh's perception, action and personality. As Pham Van Dong said: “Time in Hue was the time that Nguyen Tat Thanh grew up and started school. Those years were extremely important to the formation of Nguyen Ai Quoc - Ho Chi Minh, the time of forming a strange man, with strange ideas, resulting in strange achievements”. However, so far there have not been many studies and commentaries on the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh’s personality. Therefore, researching the subject of Hue Cultural Space with the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s personality to realize how Hue culture greatly influenced the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s personality. At the same time, 2 contributing to the clarification of the life, the revolutionary, the thought and personality of the great man - Ho Chi Minh. 2. Research purposes and tasks 2.1. Research purposes The thesis studies and clarifies the effects of Hue Cultural Space on the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh ideology; on that basis, analyzing the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of the Hue Cultural Space, thus drawing the meaning of the research problem for the development of Ho Chi Minh’s personality Vietnamese today. 2.2. Research tasks Clarifying the concept and structure of personality and Ho Chi Minh’s personality; concept, structure of Hue Cultural Space; analyzing the factors of Hue Cultural Space that influenced the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh's personality; analyzing the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of the Hue Cultural Space; drew some remarks on the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh's personality and the significance of the research problem for the development of Ho Chi Minh's personality. 3. Subjects and scope of research 3.1. Research subjects The influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh's personality and the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of the Hue Cultural Space. 3.2. Research scope - Content: The thesis focuses on the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh's personality and the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of the Hue Cultural Space. However, the thesis only deals with the following aspects: Firstly, clarifying the basic elements of Hue Cultural Space that influences the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh's personality; Secondly, clarifying the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality during his time in Hue, under the influence of the Hue Cultural Space. 3 - Space: Thua Thien Hue in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. - Time: The thesis studies Hue Cultural Space in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, associated with the time Ho Chi Minh lived, studied and worked in Hue before going out to find a way to save the country. 4. Theoretical basis and research methodology 4.1. Theoretical basis Theoretical basis of the thesis is the view of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's ideology; the guiding view of the Communist Party of Vietnam in the study of Ho Chi Minh's life and history and culture. 4.2. Methodology Dialectical materialism and historical materialism are the methodology of research and implementation of theses. 4.3. Specific research methods - Research on the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s personality is carried out on the basis of the approach of interdisciplinary sciences; on the basis of Marxist-Leninist ideas, Ho Chi Minh's ideology, guidelines, policies and policies of the Communist Party in Vietnam. - Interdisciplinary approach to history, historical science as a background, Ho Chi Minh as the main axis, cultural studies, anthropology as a research, analysis and argument. Historical, cultural and anthropological sciences focus on issues related to culture, values, human personality. The psychology of science, education, sociology, human studies clarify issues related to human personality, the influence of life on the formation and development of human personality. - In addition to the above theoretical and methodological basis, the author also uses methods such as analysis, syndissertation, history, logic, inductive, interpretation, statistics, comparison, fieldwork, literature study, exchange with experts, etc. to search and analyze the research results available to describe and generalize the panorama on the topic of research from different angles. 5. New contributions to the science of the subject - Clarify the influences of the Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh. - Based on the study of the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh's personality, the thesis contributes to clarify the 4 manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of the elements in Hue culture, associated with the period of Ho Chi Minh’s living and studying in Hue. 6. Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis 6.1. Theoretical significance The results of the thesis contribute to further clarify the life and origin of Ho Chi Minh's ideology and personality; clarify the influence of the Hue Cultural Space on the formation of Ho Chi Minh's personality and the expressions of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of Hue Cultural Space; draw some remarks and implications of the research problem for the development of personality Ho Chi Minh today. 6.2. Practical significance The thesis can be used as a reference, propaganda, study, research and teaching of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology and personality in the locality; is a scientific basis for studying Ho Chi Minh’s personality, studying the effects of cultural spaces to Ho Chi Minh, as well as a source of information for the education of personality of students; developing local historical education materials, orienting to educate and train the personality of students in colleges, universities, education in the family, school and society nowadays. 7. Structure of the thesis In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, List of published works of the author related to thesis topic and reference list, the content of thesis consists of 4 chapters, 8 periods. 5 Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF STUDY RELATED TO THE THESIS 1.1. OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATIONS ON THE THESIS 1.1.1. Studies of Hue Cultural Space 1.1.1.1. Overseas studies Some typical studies: Hue Friends Association (Association des Amis du Vieux Hué - Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Hué); The Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Hué research works are very productive. However, they do not go directly to study on “Hue Cultural Space”, but study the smaller issues of Hue culture. 1.1.1.2. National studies Some typical works: Thua Thien Hue geography; 700 years of Thuan Hoa - Phu Xuan - Hue; Hue Cultural Overview; Hue Voice - Hue people & Hue culture; Hue ancient culture; Hue - Nguyen Dynasty. A look; Feelings about Hue culture; Sub-cultural area of Hue; Hue culture in the flow of Vietnamese culture; Some meanings about the nature of Hue culture; Outline of the development of Phu Xuan culture - Hoa Chau period; Ethnic culture identity through Hue nuance... Although the above mentioned works access to Hue Cultural Space in different aspects, limited of these works are not analyzed Hue Cultural Space, as well as a system of traditional cultural typical values of this land. 1.1.2. Studies of Ho Chi Minh’s personality 1.1.2.1. Overseas studies Some typical works: Ho Chi Minh - A portrait; Ho Chi Minh a life; Ho Chi Minh, A Political Biography; Why Vietnam?; Visiting a communist soldier Nguyen Ai Quoc; Ho; President Ho Chi Minh through the feeling of a Korean; Ho Chi Minh spirit in Latin America; Face à Ho Chi Minh (Face to Ho Chi Minh); A lost peace... The works of foreign scholars access to some of the characteristics of Ho Chi Minh's special qualities and abilities. However, up to now, there have been no statistics on the works in foreign countries specialized research on Ho Chi Minh’s personality. 1.1.2.2. National studies Some typical works: Ho Chi Minh’s personality; Ho Chi Minh - The formation of a great personality; Shining the personality of Ho Chi Minh; The personality of Ho Chi Minh - Value and diffusion; Ho Chi Minh - The peak of Humane - Intelligent - Bravery of Vietnam; Ho Chi Minh: A great personality; 6 Studying and verifying documents and monuments of President Ho Chi Minh in the period of 1890 - 1911; The personality of Ho Chi Minh - The essential values in the value system of Vietnam... In general, the research on the personality of Ho Chi Minh is very limited. Some of the works just refer to aspects of Ho Chi Minh's qualities or abilities. 1.1.3. Studies of the effects of Hue Cultural Space on the personality of Ho Chi Minh 1.1.3.1. Overseas studies Up to now, no foreign scientific work has studied the influence of Hue Cultural Space to the formation of Ho Chi Minh’s personality comprehensively and deeply. Ho Chi Minh Comrade and Ho Chi Minh are just a few of the influences of Hue's cultural space (mainly influenced by Hue's socio-political life) to Ho Chi Minh in general. 1.1.3.2. National studies Some typical works: Finding the vestiges of Uncle Ho's childhood in Hue; The influence of the traditional cultural values of the nation on the formation of Ho Chi Minh ideology; The resistance movement of farmers in Central Vietnam in 1908 and the participation of Nguyen Tat Thanh (President Ho Chi Minh) in Thua Thien Hue; Ho Chi Minh - Biography chronicles, Volume 1 (1890-1929); Stories about the life of President Ho Chi Minh; New Literature and its influence on patriotic ideas in Vietnam in the first half of the 20th century; Under the roof of the Quoc hoc School of 1906-1911... These works, although not directly explore the effects of Hue Cultural Space to the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh’s personality, stated periods in Hue, the influence of the economic, political, cultural and social conditions of Hue, contributed to the decision to go to find a way to save country of Ho Chi Minh. 1.2. THESIS’S INHERITANCE AND ORIENTATION OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION 1.2.1. Thesis’s inheritance The thesis inherits the different attitudes and approaches of culture in general and Vietnamese culture in particular; inherits the concept, structure of “Hue Cultural Space”; inherit the ideas on the effects of the economic, political, cultural and social conditions of Hue and Ho Chi Minh; it also inherits the research methods, approaches, views on the formation, development and characteristic of Ho Chi Minh’s personality. 7 1.2.2. The research problems for clarification Due to the lack of comprehensive and in-depth research, it is necessary to study the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh's personality. Based on the purpose and research tasks of the thesis, from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh specialization, the thesis finds that it is necessary to study for clarification: Firstly, clarifying the concept, the structure, the rules forming personality and clarifying the concept of Ho Chi Minh’s personality; Secondly, clarifying the structure of Hue Cultural Space as well as identifying and analyzing the key elements of Hue Cultural Space that influenced the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh's personality; Thirdly, analyzing the manifestations of Ho Chi Minh's personality from the influence of Hue Cultural Space; Fourthly, commenting on the influence of Hue Cultural Space on the formation and development of Ho Chi Minh’s personality, meanwhile drawing the meaning of the research problem to develop Ho Chi Minh’s personality nowadays. Chapter 2 SOME INTRODUCTION ISSUES ON HO CHI MINH’ PERSONALITY AND HUE CULTURAL SPACE 2.1. HO CHI MINH’S PERSONALITY 2.1.1. Concept, structure, rules of personality formation Personality is the system of dignity and capacity of a human being formed and developed in the interaction between human and nature and society, which characterizes individually and expresses the qualities insides themselves. On the structure of personality, depending on the concept of personality, each researcher presents a different structure of personality. Ho Chi Minh emphasized two important factors: virtue and talent in which virtue is the root of man, the foundation of human personality. Personality formation and development is a long-term process, which is the result of the gradual accumulation of life experiences, knowledge, and infection in the process of life and maturation. The formation and development of personality is expressed as follows: Firstly, the personality is formed and developed in association with the process of education, self education and human activities; Secondly, the personality is shaped by the process of unification between the 8 individual and the society, between the face of the creature and the social, between objective conditions and subjective factors. 2.1.2. Ho Chi Minh’s personality Ho Chi Minh’s personality is the cultural values of Ho Chi Minh, which is crystallized from the tradition of family culture, homeland and country, from the socio-political reality of the nation and the time; from the influence of Marxism - Leninism, of progressive theories and ideas; from the example of progressive political activists and cultural houses in the world; from education and self- education; from the quality and capacity of Ho Chi Minh people. The personality of Ho Chi Minh is special qualities, abilities, attractive and charismatic, manifested in his style and way of life. The personality of Ho Chi Minh is a bright symbol of the quality and human capacity of Vietnam. 2.2. HUE CULTURAL SPACE 2.2.1. The definition of Hue Cultural Space 2.2.1.1. Culture Marxist culturists argue that “culture is the totality of material and spiritual values in the period of social-historical activity and typically represents the level of achievement achieved in history of social development”. Ho Chi Minh thinks that culture is all the material and spiritual values created by man; a motivation for human survival; the purpose of human life; ethnic culture must be comprehensive in all aspects, fields and lifestyle. Culture is the totality of material and spiritual value, tradition and tastes, created by human in the period of social-historical activity, in interaction and adaptation between people and the environment, to assert the identity of each country, nation, region and people. 2.2.1.2. Hue culture Hue culture is a combination of material and spiritual values, traditions, tastes and lifestyles. It's created by practical activities linked to the interactions between people and the natural environment and the society in order to confirm the identity of the hometown and citizen of Thuan Hoa - Phu Xuan - Hue. 2.2.1.3. Hue Cultural Space Hue Cultural Space is a large cultural - ecological area, from Chau O, ancient Chau Ly to area between the south of Quang Tri and the north of Quang Nam, in which Hue plays a central role, with characteristics of cultural values, 9 material and spiritual, accumulated in the process of human interaction with nature and society. 2.2.2. The structure of Hue Cultural Space 2.2.2.1. Culture of Hue in term of Geography and Ecology Historically and geographically, cultural space in Hue is quite large. In 1306, King Tran Anh Tong gave Princess Huyen Tran to King Chiem Jaya Simhavarman III (Che Man) in order to exchange for Chau O and Chau Ly. In 1307, Chau O and Chau Ly were renamed to Chau Thuan and Chau Hoa. In 1636, Lord Nguyen Phuc Lan moved to Kim Long. It was the beginning of urbanization in the history of the formation and development of Hue city. In 1687, Lord Nguyen Phuc Thai moved to Thuy Loi village, renamed it to Phu Xuan and and developed Phu Xuan to a prosperous center of Dang Trong. Then, Phu Xuan was the capital of Dai Viet under the Tay Son dynasty (1788-1801) and the capital of Vietnam in nearly 150 years under the Nguyen dynasty (1802- 1945). In 1822, Minh Mang renamed the cover land of the Hue Citadel to Thua Thien, including Huong Tra, Quang Dien and Phu Vang. In 1898, King Thanh Thai set up Hue town. In term of natural conditions, Thua Thien Hue is divided to four ecological zones: mountainous area, delta, lagoon and coastal sand dunes. The special location with the diversity of terrain leads to Thua Thien Hue has many highlights of nature. Besides that, the natural conditions also affect the mood and sensibility of Hue citizen, forming the house garden in Hue, regulating the personality, lifestyle and behavior of Hue people, as well as contribute a part of the unique cultural space 2.2.2.2. Political culture of Hue - Thua Thien Hue - the center of building and prote